Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of thyroid dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and analyze its influencing factors, to guide the formulation of relevant prevention and treatment measures. Methods Data collection and thyroid hormone detection were conducted on T2DM patients diagnosed and treated in two hospitals in Zhengzhou from January to December 2021. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the status of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients. Results Among 1 348 T2DM patients, there were 20 cases with hyperthyroidism, 35 cases with hypothyroidism, 61 cases with subclinical hyperthyroidism, and 142 cases with subclinical hypothyroidism. The rate of thyroid dysfunction was 19.14%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender (female, OR=3.476), age (OR=2.232), body mass index (≥24.0 kg/m², OR=1.988), underlying diseases (OR=1.766), history of thyroid diseases (OR=2.992), course of diabetes (OR=2.646), and insulin treatment (OR=0.641) were the influencing factors of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients. Conclusions The incidence of thyroid dysfunction is high in T2DM patients. Females, older age, overweight and obese, underlying diseases, history of thyroid diseases, a longer course of diabetes, and without insulin therapy were the risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in T2DM patients. Regular screening of thyroid function should be strengthened for the group with those risk factors, and thyroid dysfunction should be detected early and corrected in time.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Influencing factor