Objective To describe the impact of epidemiological trend of disease mortality on life expectancy and potential years of life loss （PYLL） among registered residents in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2016. Methods Surveillance data of causes of death of registered residents in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2016 were obtained from the Cause of Death Registration Information System. The classification of causes of death was coded and analyzed based on ICD-10. The mortality rate, life expectancy, and PYLL were analyzed and the impact of disease death on life expectancy and PYLL was described. Results The total deaths of registered residents were 327 769 in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2016, with a mean mortality rate of 563.67/100 000 （standardized rate, 327.19/100 000）, rising slowly at an annual average rate of 0.66%. The top three causes of death were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases （204.61/100 000）, malignant tumors （148.43/100,000） and respiratory diseases （88.99/100,000）.The mortality rates of injury and poisoning, musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases, and endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases increased by 11.54%, 10.62%, and 5.53% annually on average,respectively. The annual average PYLL was 443 653 person-years, with a PYLL rate of 53.20‰, showing an upward trend. The top three causes of death resulting in PYLL were malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and injury and poisoning, with average PYLL of 177 631, 88 302 and 58 678 person-years, respectively. Conclusion The leading causes of death influencing the life expectancy were cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumors, and respiratory diseases among registered residents in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2016. The top three causes of death resulting in PYLL were malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and injury and poisoning.

Objective To determine dietary patterns of residents in Guangdong Province and explore its relationship with overweight and obesity. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method, 14 counties/districts in Guangdong Province were selected as surveillance sites. Then 3 towns （streets） were randomly selected from each surveillance site, 2 village committees were randomly selected from each town/streets, and finally 45 eligible residents were selected from each village committee for the survey. The survey contents included personal health status, medical examination and diet. Factor analysis was used to analyze the dietary patterns and the relationship between dietary patterns and overweight/obesity. Results A total of 3 495 adult residents were investigated, and their ages were from 18 to 91 years, with an average age of （52.0 ± 15.0） years. The male to female sex ratio was 1∶0.85. Of the participants, 3 467 （99.2%） were Han nationality, 1 662 （47.6%） had the educational level at junior or senior high school, and 3 168 （90.6%） married. The BMI was （23.4 ± 3.5）. Four main dietary patterns were determined, i.e., the condiment diet pattern （20.0%）, traditional diet pattern （29.6%）,fruit-vegetable and egg-milk diet pattern （24.8%） and wine-beverage and aquatic product diet pattern （25.5%）. The BMI, waist circumference and obesity rates were the lowest among the male adults taking the traditional dietary pattern （P< 0.05 or P< 0.01）.The waist circumference and central obesity rates of the female adults taking the traditional dietary pattern and the fruit-vegetable and egg-milk diet pattern were lower （P<0.05 or P<0.01）.Conclusion The traditional diet pattern and fruit-vegetable and egg-milk diet pattern may be related to a lower body mass index, waist circumference and obesity rate. Hence, these dietary patterns are recommended in the prevention of overweight and obesity.

Objective To explore the resistance of influenza A（H1N1）pdm09 isolated in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2018 to oseltamivir （Tamiflu）, and monitor the variant trend of the epidemic strain of influenza virus. Methods Strains of influenza A（H1N1）pdm09 isolated from Guangdong Provincial Network Laboratories from 2009 to 2018 were selected （at least 1-2 strains per year in each network laboratory）.The IC50s of strains were detected by using fluorescence-based neutralization inhibition assay to select suspicious oseltamivir-resistant strains. At the same time, 112 strains of influenza A （H1N1） pdm09 virus nucleic acid were extracted and neuraminic acid （NA） gene of the virus was amplified by RT-PCR. Viral nucleic acid sequencing and bioinformatics software were used to analyze amino acid loci and gene mutations related to drug resistance of NA gene. Result Five strains（1.76%） were resistant to oseltamivir, had mutation in H275Y locus （according to N1 coding sequence）, i.e., amino acid locus 275 was all mutaed from 275H （histidine） to 275Y （tyrosine）, and then identified as Tamiflu resistant strains. The NA genes of A（H1N1）pdm09 strains isolated in Guangdong Province from 2009 to 2018 were clustered by year, and new evolutionary clusters appeared over time with a certain period of time. Conclusion Influenza A（H1N1）pdm09 virus has a very low resistance and still sensitive to oseltamivir in Guangdong Province. It is necessary to conduct surveillance of antiviral resistance of influenza virus continuously.

Objective To investigate the present situation of housebound elderly in communities of Guangzhou and its influencing factors. Methods Using stratified random sampling method, five districts were chosen from 11 administrative districts in Guangzhou, and then one or two communities were selected from each chosen district. Questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 60 years or over in the selected communities. The survey included demographic information, living habits, chronic disease status, and housebound assessment scale. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test or multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 484 elderly residents aged 60 years or over in Guangzhou were surveyed, of whom 70 were housebound. The prevalence of the housebound was 14.5%. Multivariate logistic regression showed that less physical exercises （OR=8.457,56.366）, need for assistance when going out （OR=9.312）, low frequency of participation in community activities （OR=3.658）, no hobbies （OR=2.786）, and marital status without spouse （OR=2.771） were independent risk factors affecting the occurrence of housebound among the elderly in the community. Conclusions The prevalence of the housebound among the elderly residents aged 60 years or above in Guangzhou was relatively high. Risk factors affecting the occurrence of housebound included less physical exercises, low frequency of participation in community activities, and no hobbies. Community workers should pay more attention to social supports for elderly people, encouraging them to go outdoors, so as to reduce the occurrence of housebound.

Objective To understand the coping methods of HIV/AIDS high-risk behaviors of young men who have sex with men （YMSM） and analyze the influencing factors. Methods YMSM were recruited in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province, by the snowball sampling method. A coping strategy questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate coping methods of sexual partners to high-risk behaviors, social and sexual behaviors, and they were tested serologically. A chi-square test and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze factors influencing high risk behaviors. Results A total of 362 valid questionnaires were collected. In the past six months, 64.6% （159/246） of the respondents had high-risk behavioral requirements, 50.3% （80/159） were obedient, and 49.7% （79/159） were persuasive. Of the respondents, 40.5% could persuade successfully every time, 46.8% were complied after unsuccessful persuasion, and 53.2% refused to have sexual behavior. Resolute attitude （48.0%） and rich knowledge （20.0%） were the main reasons for the successful persuasion. Strong opponents （34.0%） and impatience （27.7%） were the main reasons for failed persuasion. The positive rate of HIV was 22.5% in compliance group, higher than that in persuasion group 10.3% （P<0.05）.Multivariate logistic regression showed that respondents who chose sexual partners younger than themselves or no special （OR=4.996, 95%CI：1.091-22.878）, had no special self attitude towards sexuality/others （OR=13.148, 95%CI： 1.233-140.240）, had high frequency of anal intercourse in the past week （OR=4.153, 95%CI： 1.143-15.090）, played both active and passive sexual roles （OR=2.282, 95%CI： 1.191-28.128）, had protective anal sex in the past 6 months （OR=31.924, 95%CI： 5.677-179.520）, and had heterosexual sex in the past 6 months （OR=31.924, 95%CI： 5.677-179.520） were more likely to persuade to reply to high-risk behavior; while those who knew about health state of their sex partners （OR=0.293, 95%CI： 0.092-0.938） were. Conclusion The proportion of persuasion and compliance in YMSM high-risk behavior was similar. Coping methods were influenced by age, identity, sex role and sexual behavior,and passive compliance increased the risk of HIV infection.

Objective To evaluate the effect of family nursing on patients with Alzheimer’s disease （AD） in China. Methods Databases, such as Cochrane Library, EMbase, Pubmed, Web of Science, VIP, Wanfang,CNKI, CBM, were searched for the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） that assessed the effectiveness of family nursing for the elderly with AD from inception to May 2018. Literatures were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and corresponding references were searched manually by two investigators independently. The quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the quality evaluation criteria of Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0. The Meta-analysis of mental status, health status, depression and the activities of daily living was performed by using Revman 5.3 software. Results Thirteen RCTs involving 919 AD patients, including 459 patients in the intervention group and 460 patients in the control group, were included. The quality of the included studies was Grade B. Meta-analysis indicated that the mental status （MD=2.53, 95% CI：1.75 - 3.32）, P<0.01）, depression status （SMD=-1.05. 95%CI：-1.76--0.34）, P<0.01）, health status （MD = 143.73, 95% CI： 107.45 - 180.00, P <0.01）, ability of daily life （SMD = 0.53, 95% CI：0.24 - 0.83, P<0.01）, and self-care （SMD=0.77, 95%CI： 0.55 - 0.98, P<0.01） in the intervention group were better than those in the control group. Conclusion Family nursing can improve mental status, health status, depression and the activities of daily living in AD patients.

Objective To analyze the risk factors of birth defects in neonates in China so as to provide evidence for future prevention. Methods Relevant databases such as CNKI, VIP and Pubmed were searched for case-control study papers on influencing factors of birth defects in China published from 1998 to 2018. Meta-analysis of included literatures was performed using Revman 5.3.5 statistical software. Results Twelve qualified articles published in China in the past 20 years were collected and their scores of literature quality evaluation were all greater than 7 and hence were of high quality. The OR values of influencing factors were 3.25 for illness during pregnancy, 2.02 for pregnancy complications, 3.44 for exposure to harmful substances, 3.28 for past birth defects history, 3.27 for abortion, 2.13 for congenital diseases, 3.99 for pollution near the house, 2.12 for mothers smoking with or without alcohol consumption, 0.42 for higher family income, 0.43 for pregnancy examination, and 0.47 for premarital check-up. Conclusion Main risk factors for common birth defects in China were pregnancy illness, pregnancy complications, exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy, history of pregnancy and birth defects, history of abortion, congenital diseases of pregnant women, pollution near the house, and smoking or drinking. Higher family income, pregnancy screening and premarital check-up were protective factors.

Objective To analyze the status quo and influencing factors of the quality of life （QOL） of residents living in urban-rural integration so as to provide reference for health education and improve their QOL. Methods Residents living in urban-rural continuum in Panyu District, Guangzhou were selected by the multi-stage sampling method in 2018. The social demographic data and the SF-36 scale evaluation score were collected by questionnaire. The results are described using a descriptive epidemiological analysis method. Results A total of 510 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective rate of 94.45%. Of the respondents, 96.5% （492/510） were permanent residents with local household registration and 63.3% （323/510） were female. 36.0%, 26.6%, and 37.4% of the participants were aged 16-44, 45-59 and ≥60 years, respectively; 42.2% had the education levels at college/undergraduate or above. The general health （GH） score was （70 ± 15）. The scores of physiological functioning （PF）, role-physical（RP）, bodily pain （BP）, and vitality （VT） were （90 ± 15）, （87 ± 28）, （90 ± 16）, and （81±16）; the scores of social functioning （SF）, role-emotional （RE）, and mental health （MH） were （85 ± 20）, （90 ± 26）, and （81 ± 16）, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that female residents had a lower probability of having higher PF scores than men （OR=0.46）; the younger the age, the higher the RP scores （OR=2.39, 4.09）; compared with employees in enterprises, employees in public institutions had higher PF and RE scores （OR=2.60, 2.66）.Residents without chronic diseases scored higher on PF than those with chronic diseases （OR=2.34）. Compared with junior college/undergraduand and above, the residents with educational levels in junior high school and below had lower scores of RP （OR=0.30,0.40）, the residents with high school or below had lower scores of RP （OR=0.29, 0.23,0.27）, and the residents with educational levels at junior high school had lower scores of GH （OR=0.34）.Compared with residents with chronic diseases, the residents without chronic diseases scored higher in BP and GH （OR=1.58,2.50）.Compared with employees in enterprises, farmers and workers had lower MH scores （OR=0.49,0.55）.Conclusion The QOL of residents in urban-rural continuum in Panyu District, Guangzhou City was low. The QOL of male residents, and residents with higher education levels and jobs in public institutions was higher. The older age, working in enterprises and chronic diseases had adverse effects on QOL.