Objective To evaluate effects of grape seed extract（GSE）, Vitamin E （VE） and selenium （Se） compound preparation on the antioxidant ability in human. Methods According to the inclusion criteria, 114 volunteer participants were selected as subjects. Be based on the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in blood, the Subjects were randomly divided into experimental group （n=50） and control group （n=50）. The experimental group was given GSE, VE and Se compound preparation for 3 months, and the control group was given placebo at the same dose. The MDA content, SOD activity and GSH-Px activity in blood of two groups were measured and analyzed. Results The experimental group and the control group each had 50 persons. There were no significant differences in age and gender between the two groups （P>0.05 for both）.After the experiment, no significant abnormalities were found in the mental state, sleep quality, diet, urine and feces of the subjects. No abnormal changes were found in the chest X-ray, electrocardiogram, and abdominal B-ultrasound examinations, and no adverse reactions occurred. Before the experiment, there was no significant differences in MDA content, SOD activity and GSH-Px activity between the two groups（P>0.05 for all）. After the experiment, the MDA content in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P<0.05）; the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.05 for both）.Meanwhile, compared with the control group, the experimental group had higher decrease rate of MDA content,and the increase rates of SOD activity and GSH-Px activity （P<0.01 for all）. Conclusion The compound preparation of GSE, VE and Se could significantly reduce the MDA content,increase the SOD and GSH-Px activities of the subjects, and could effectively enhance the antioxidant capacity of the human body.

Objective To understand the cognition of esophageal cancer and dietary preference of residents in areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer in Chengdu. Methods A simple random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on residents of Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province. The content included the basic conditions of the subjects, esophageal cancer related knowledge and dietary preferences. Results A total of 486 residents aged 20 and over in Qingbaijiang District, Chengdu City were surveyed, including 257 males （52.88%） and 229 females （47.12%）. Of the participants, 51.03% were aged 40-59, 39.92% had the education level at primary school or below, 52.67% were married, 37.86% had the per capita monthly household income of 4 000-7 999 Yuan, 48.56% lived in towns and 51.44%, in villages. The awareness rate of esophageal cancer knowledge was 60.91% （296/486）. There were significant differences in the awareness rate of esophageal cancer among different ages, education levels, and urban and rural subjects （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The highest rate of accuracy （61.73%） was knowing that the local area with high incidence of esophageal cancer. Of the 486 residents, 202 （41.56%） preferred hard food, 253 （52.06%） preferred salty food, 190 （39.34%） preferred hot food, and 238 （48.97%） preferred eating fast. The higher the education level, the lower the proportion of persons who liked eating hard food, eating salty food, eating hot food, and eating fast. The proportions of rural residents who liked hard food, salty food, and hot food were higher than those of urban residents （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion The residents in areas with high incidence of esophageal cancer have a low level of knowledge about esophageal cancer, and the problem of unhealthy eating habits is more prominent, especially in rural area.

Objective To investigate the correlation between health promotion behavior and health belief of patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） after percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods All patients who underwent PCI in Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2015 to June 2016 were enrolled. The health promotion behavior and health beliefs of patients after PCI were investigated by general situation questionnaire,the improved health promoting lifestyle scale Ⅱ （HPLP Ⅱ） and health belief scale. Factors influencing health promotion behavior and health beliefs and their correlation were analyzed. Results A total of 104 patients who underwent PCI were investigated, including 70 males and 34 females, with an average age of （55.72 ± 13.69） years. The average duration of disease was （78.64 ± 31.57） months and average body mass index （BMI）was（27.67 ± 3.46）. The multiple stepwise regression model showed that gender and education level were main factors influencing the health beliefs of patients after PCI （β=7.165, 4.856,P<0.05 or P<0.01）; the education level, per capita monthly income of families, and BMI were main factors influencing the health-promoting behaviors of patients after PCI （β=5.114, 3.625, 8.160; P<0.05 for all）. The health promotion behavior was positively correlated with health beliefs in patients with CHD after PCI （r=0.216）; perceived severity score was negatively correlated with self-actualization and physical exercise scores （r =-0.213, -0.236）; perceived health benefit score was positively correlated with the overall scores of health promotion behavior and self-actualization, nutrition and stress management （r=0.238, 0.246, 0.279）; the healthy motivation was positively correlated with total score of health promotion behavior and the score of each dimension （r=0.358, 0.374, 0.326, 0.204, 0.304, 0.318, 0.301）. Conclusion Health beliefs was correlated with health promotion behaviors of patients with CHD after PCI; the greater the perceived benefit of health behavior and the stronger the motivation to maintain the health, the higher the level of health promotion behavior.

Objective To evaluate the scientificality and applicability of the restraint stress （RS） model in the study of “Jiang huo” （reducing internal heat） efficacy of herbal tea. Methods Forty male Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group, RS model group and herbal tea （HT） groups in three doses [0.8, 2.4, 7.2g/（kg BW）, in form of dry paste powder], 8 mice in each group for the acute and chronic RS model experiments. The test substances were administrated for 5 consecutive days in the acute RS model; one hour after the last administration, all mice except control group were physically restrained for 2 hours. The test substances were administrated daily; one hour after administration, all mice except control group were physically restrained for 2 hours for 10 consecutive days in the chronic RS model. After treatment for different times, the general behavior of mice was observed, the body weight and liver weight were recorded, the ratio of liver to body was calculated, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） were detected, and the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）, nitric oxide （NO）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） and total antioxidant capacity （T-AOC） in liver were determined. Results Compared with the control group, contents of serum ALT, AST and BUN were increased in both acute and chronic RS models （P<0.05 or P<0.01）, the levels of MDA and NO in liver were increased and the SOD and T-AOC levels in liver were decreased significantly （P<0.01 for all） in chronic RS model. Compared with the chronic RS model group, the contents of ALT, AST and BUN decreased （P<0.01 for all）; the levels of MDA and NO in liver was decreased, while the levels of SOD and T-AOC in liver were increased in the high dose HT group （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion Simulated “Shang huo” （suffering from excessive internal heat）, both acute and chronic RS models were established, and they were scientific and feasible to evaluate the “Jiang huo” efficacy of herbal tea.

Objective To measure serum 25-carboxyvitamin D levels and vitamin D1-α-hydroxylase （CYP27B1） expression levels in elderly patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD） and their correlation with the severity of the disease. Methods All patients aged ≥60 years, diagnosed with IBD and treated in the Department of Gastroenterology, the Fourth People‘s Hospital of Zigong City from 2015 to 2018 were included in the study. The elderly people who underwent physical examination at the same period were selected as the control group. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and CYP27B1 expression of the two groups were analyzed. Results Ninety-three elderly patients with IBD were enrolled in the study, including 58 males and 35 females, with an average age of （64.7 ± 5.1） years. Fifty persons were selected in the control group, including 31 males and 19 females, with an average age of （63.7 ± 4.8） years. There were no significant differences in mean age and gender composition between the two groups （P>0.05 for both）.Forty-eight patients were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis （UC） and 45, with Crohn’s disease （CD）. Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with UC, patients with CD and control group were （11.06 ± 4.14）, （12.51 ± 4.77）, （16.26 ± 5.23） ng/mL, respectively, and the IHC scores of CYP27B1 expression were （9.5 ± 1.1）, （9.3 ± 1.3）, and （3.4 ± 0.6）, respectively （P<0.01 for all）. A negative correlation was observed between the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and the disease activity score （r=-0.325, -0.382）, while the IHC score of YP27B1 was positively correlated with the disease activity score （r=0.413, 0.371）. Conclusion Serum 25-carboxy vitamin D level in elderly IBD patients was significantly lower than that in normal population, while CYP27B1 expression was higher than that in normal population and correlated with the severity of the disease.

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum fibroblast growth factor 21 （FGF21） level and lower extremity atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed clinically in Dazu District People's Hospital of Chongqing from November 2017 to September 2018 were enrolled in the study. Anthropometric and blood biochemical parameters of the patients were tested and the intima-media thickness （IMT） of the lower extremity was measured. Differences between atherosclerotic type 2 diabetic patients and non-atherosclerotic diabetic patients were compared. Multivariable linear regression was used to analyze the correlation between IMT and serum FGF21. Results A total of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled, including 69 patients without atherosclerosis and 52 patients with atherosclerosis. The prevalence rate of atherosclerosis was 43.0%. There were 42 and 31 males,and 27 and 21 females in the two groups, respectively （P>0.05）. The course of disease and waist-to-hip ratio in the atherosclerosis group were higher than those in the atherosclerosis-free group （P<0.01）. There were no significant differences in mean age, BMI, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure （P>0.05 for all）. Fasting blood glucose（FBG）, triglyceride, glycosylated hemoglobin（HbA1c）, insulin resistance index（HOMA-IR）, IMT and FGF21 in patients with atherosclerosis were higher than those in non-atherosclerotic patients （P<0.01 for all）. Correlation analysis showed that IMT was positively correlated with waist-to-hip ratio, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR and FGF21 （r=0.271, 0.319, 0.322, 0.372, 0.265; P<0.05）. Multivariable linear regression model showed that waist-to-hip ratio, FBGand FGF21 were independent factors affecting IMT（Standard partial regression coefficient：0.194,0.341, 0.657,respectively）. Conclusion IMT in patients with type 2 diabetes was associated with waist-to-hip ratio, FBG and FGF21. Serum FGF21 levels may play a role in the formation of lower extremity atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the treatment and factors influencing quality of life （QOL） in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia （CML） in Guangyuan, Sichuan Province. Methods CML patients who were re-examined in Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Guangyuan Tumor Hospital from 2015 to 2018 were enrolled in this study by using convenient sampling method. Questionnaire survey was conducted using clinical data questionnaire and leukemia QOL assessment. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze factors influencing QOL. Results A total of 185 patients with CML were included in the survey, with an average age of （41.62 ± 15.47） years, including 98 （52.97%） males and 87 （47.03%） females. Among the 185 patients, 94 （50.81%） patients were treated with imatinib, 57 （30.81%） with alpha-interferon combined with cytarabine, and 34 （18.38%） with hydroxycarbamide monotherapy. The overall QOL score of CML patients was （122.47 ± 14.43）, with a score rate of （65.37 ± 6.25）%. The social/family dimension scored the highest （76.35 ± 5.17）% and the function module scored the lowest （55.87 ± 5.48）%. In the multivariate linear regression model, that patients with younger age, without concomitant diseases, with medical insurance, higher average monthly family income, higher hemoglobin, higher red blood cell count, and treated with imatinib had higher QOL （standard partial regression coefficients： 0.358, 0.765, 0.546, 0.456, 0.469, 0.462, and 0.486, respectively）. Conclusion The QOL in patients with CML in Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province was not high. It is suggested to use imatinib therapy, interferon-alpha combined with cytidine and hydroxyurea as the main clinical treatments to improve the QOL in patients with CML.

Objective To investigate the status of metabolic syndrome （MS） in postmenopausal women in Chengdu and its relationship with serum thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH）. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate postmenopausal women in Chengdu. The study content included questionnaire survey, physical examination and detection of blood biochemical indicators. Data were described and analyzed, and the correlation between MS and TSH was studied. Results A total of 3 512 postmenopausal women aged 40-74 years were surveyed in 2018 in Chengdu. Of the participants, 37.10% had the education level at primary school, 38.87% had the per capita monthly household income ranging from 3 000 to 4 999 Yuan, 76.74% had local household registration, 58.68% had the occupation of civilian post, 57.94% had family history of MS. MS was detected in 983 cases, with an incidence rate of 27.99%. TSH was positively correlated with BMI, waist-to-height ratio, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C）, and triglyceride （r=0.860, 0.820, 0.819, 0.680, 0.718, 0.588）, and negative with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （r =-0.668）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the higher the values of TSH （OR=1.952）, LDL-C （OR=1.861）, and HOMA-IR （OR=1.850）, the higher the risk of MS in menopausal women. Conclusion The incidence of MS was higher in postmenopausal women in Chengdu. The increase of TSH level was closely related to the incidence of MS.

Objective To analyze related factors of patients complicated with respiratory tract infection （RTI） treated by painless gastroscopy, so as to explore measures to reduce the complication of RTI. Methods The incidence of RTI in inpatients undergoing painless gastroscopy from 2015 to 2018 in a hospital in Neijiang City was investigated, and the related factors of painless gastroscope complicated with RTI were analyzed. Results A total of 3 316 inpatients undergoing painless gastroscopy were investigated, including 1 976 males （59.6%） and 1 340 females （40.4%）.The age ranged from 23 to 74 years, with an average age of （57.63 ± 7.59） years. Of the patients, 102 were complicated with RTI, with an infection rate of 3.08% （102/3 316）.A total of 115 strains of pathogens were isolated, including 75 strains of Gram-negative bacteria （65.22%）, 28 strains of Gram-positive bacteria （24.35%）, and 12 strains of fungi （10.43%）.The resistance rates of major Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria to most Class A antibiotics were lower than 30%.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥56 years （OR=14.984）, duration for gastroscope >20 minutes （OR=14.761） and eating stimulating food within 24 hours after gastroscopy （OR=1.669） were risk factors for complication of RTI after undergoing the painless gastroscopy. Conclusion Painless gastroscopy had the risk for complication of RTI. Age, duration for gastroscopy and stimulating food after operation can increase the risk of RTI after undergoing the painless gastroscopy.

Objective To explore the relationship between thyroid-related diseases and iodized salt of coastal residents, so as to provide a scientific theoretical basis for formulating local iodine-supplementation strategy. Methods From July to August 2016, patients with thyroid disease who were admitted to Dongshan County Hospital were selected as case group. Patients without thyroid disease were selected as control group. The individuals of the case and control groups were matched by the same gender and age （ ± 5 years） at a 1∶1 ratio. Conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between salt type and thyroid-related diseases. Results The study included 100 patients with thyroid disease and 100 patients in the control group. The male to female ratio was 0.49∶1 in the both groups. Of the participants, 60% in the case group and 51% in the control group were aged 46-70 years. Multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that after controlling for age, dietary saltiness, per capita kelp consumption, per capita laver consumption, and per capita consumption of fish, shrimp, and crab, the risk of thyroid-related diseases for those who used half iodized salt and half non-iodized salt was 1.75 times that for those who used iodized salt; the risk of thyroid-related diseases for those who drank tea ≥5 times per week was 0.48 times that for those who did not drink tea; the risk of thyroid-related diseases for those with stress was 1.64 times that for those without stress. Conclusions Consumption of half iodized salt and half non-iodized salt, stress and without drinking tea were the risk factors for thyroid-related diseases. The government should strengthen the propaganda of iodine-related knowledge and provide different types of edible salt according to local characteristics.