Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the incidence and death of digestive system malignancies in Weihai residents,and provide a reference for evaluating and improving the interventional measurements. Methods Based on the surveillance data of digestive system malignancy of residents in Weihai from 2015 to 2022 and the population data of the same period,the annual percentage change （APC） of the morbidity and mortality of esophageal cancer,gastric cancer,colorectal cancer,liver cancer,gallbladder cancer,and pancreatic cancer were calculated,and their time variation trends were analyzed. Results From 2015 to 2022,the standardized morbidity of digestive system malignancies in Weihai ranged from 58.82 to 72.88 per 100 000 population,while the standardized mortality ranged from 38.72 to 47.40 per 100 000 population. Colorectal cancer,gastric cancer,and liver cancer were responsible for the majority of the morbidity and mortality among the digestive system malignancies. For both males and females,the morbidity of colorectal cancer showed a statistically significant increasing trend （P<0.05 or P<0.01）;in contrast,the morbidity of liver cancer exhibited a statistically significant decreasing trend （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The mortality of colorectal cancer also displayed a statistically significant upward trend for both genders （P<0.05 or P<0.01）,whereas the mortality for gastric cancer and liver cancer demonstrated a statistically significant downward trend （all P<0.01）. The morbidity and mortality of digestive system malignancies were higher in males than in females,with differences in the peak age of onset for the major types of malignancies. Conclusions The morbidity and mortality of digestive system malignancies in Weihai have remained stable from 2015 to 2022,with gastric cancer,liver cancer,and colorectal cancer accounting for a significant proportion of both. It is important to note that the trends in morbidity and mortality vary among different types of cancers,thus requiring specific measures to be implemented for precise prevention and control strategies.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly aged≥60 years in Guangzhou,and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods From January to December 2023,3 districts of Guangzhou were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method,and 8 community health service centers in each district were selected as survey sites. The elderly people aged ≥60 years old were selected from the survey sites to conduct cognitive function assessment and questionnaire survey. The descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly,and univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 2 420 elderly residents in Guangzhou were surveyed using an effective questionnaire,with males accounting for 43.35% and females accounting for 56.65%. The age range was mainly from 60 to 79 years old,accounting for 87.02%. The education level was mainly below high school,accounting for 85.62%. There were 292 elderly people assessed as cognitive impairment,accounting for 12.07%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ≥70 years old （OR =1.665,3.471）,per capita monthly family income < 3 000 yuan （OR =1.859）,drinking （OR =1.690）,combined use of different types of drugs （OR =2.661） were risk factors affecting cognitive impairment in elderly aged ≥60 years. Education level of junior high school or above（OR=0.268,0.372） and high socio-economic status（OR=0.324） was a protective factor. Conclusions The prevalence of cognitive impairment in the elderly aged ≥60 years in Guangzhou was high. Advanced age,drinking,low and education level socio-economic status,and combined use of different types of drugs are risk factors affecting cognitive impairment.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological status and influencing factors of adult metabolic syndrome （MS） in Shenzhen,and to provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control strategy of MS. Methods A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was adopted to conduct questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory testing among permanent residents aged 18 and above in 10 districts of Shenzhen from April to December 2021. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of MS. Results A total of 6 256 adults were included,with a mean age of （40.28±14.23） years old,and male to female ratio was 0.99∶1. There were 1 107 participants with MS,the prevalence rate was 17.70% （standardized rate was 19.63%）. The most common combination of MS was “abdominal obesity + abnormal blood pressure + high triglycerides”,with a proportion of 28.18% （312 patients）. The results of multivariate analysis showed that female （OR=0.589）,secondary school education （OR=0.720）,college and higher education （OR=0.531）,underweight （OR=0.160） were protective factors for MS,and 35 - 64 years age group （OR=2.379）,65 - 94 years age group （OR=7.242）,overweight （OR=6.292）,obesity （OR=19.355）,smoking （OR=1.316）,and hyper- uricemia （OR=2.040） were the risk factors for MS. Conclusions The prevalence of MS in adults in Shenzhen is relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and intervention of weight,blood pressure,blood glucose,and blood lipid in high-risk groups such as older men,overweight and obesity,smoking,and hyper- uricemia,so as to prevent the occurrence of MS.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease and to study its impact on quality of life. Methods The Parkinson's patients admitted to Beijing Tiantan Hospital from September 2020 to August 2023 were selected for this study. The general data such as age and gender of the patients were obtained. A series of scales such as Hamilton Depression Scale （HAMD）,Hamilton Anxiety Scale （HAMA）,and Parkinson's Disease Cognitive Function Rating Scale （PD-CRS） were used to evaluate the non-motor symptoms of the patients. The Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life Scale-39 （PDQ-39） was used to evaluate the quality of life of the patients. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PDQ-39 score and non-motor symptom scale scores. The influencing factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression model. Results As a result,1 215 Parkinson's patients were ultimately included in this study. The incidence of various non-motor symptoms was as follows：autonomic dysfunction 81.40%,pain 65.19%,sleep disorders 53.58%,fatigue 43.13%,depression 38.85%,anxiety 30.21%,cognitive dysfunction 24.20%,impulse control disorder 22.72%,and apathy 20.82%. The average PDQ-39 score of 1 215 patients was （43.52 ± 5.61） points. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the HAMD score （β'=0.243）,HAMA score （β'=0.531）,PD-CRS score （β'=-0.287）,Parkinson's Disease Prognostic Scale Autonomic Nerve score （β'=0.781）,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （β'=0.478）,and KING′s Parkinson's Disease Pain Scale score （β'=0.259） all had a significant impact on the quality of life of Parkinson's patients （all P<0.01）. Conclusions The incidence of non-motor symptoms such as autonomic dysfunction,pain,sleep disorders,anxiety,and depression in patients with Parkinson 's disease is high,and the more serious the above non-motor symptoms,the worse the quality of life of patients. It is necessary to find effective targeted non-motor symptoms interventions to comprehensively improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective To analyze the distribution of height and body mass and the prevalence of short stature among primary and secondary school students in Enshi City. Methods Using stratified cluster sampling method,from January to June 2023,5 primary schools and 5 junior high schools in different districts of Enshi City were selected. Then,students from 4 classes in each grade of each school were randomly selected for height and body mass measurement. Simultaneously,demographic information,lifestyle behaviors,and family conditions of the students were collected through questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was utilized to examine the distribution of height and body mass,while univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to analyze the factors influencing short stature. Results A total of 9 652 primary and secondary school students participated in this study. The average height of boys aged 6-9 years was higher than that of girls,the average height of girls aged 10-12 years was higher than that of boys,and the average height of boys aged 13-16 years was higher than that of girls again. Amongst the participants,7.02% were underweight,66.74% were normal,14.92% were overweight,and 11.31% were obese. There were fewer overweight and obese at the age of 6,and the number of overweight and obese at the age of 12 increased significantly. Short stature was detected in a total number of 251 cases,with a detection rate of 2.60%. Notably,the detection rate of short stature was significantly higher in girls （3.01%） compared to boys （2.20%,P<0.05）. Although the highest detection rate of short stature was observed at 8 years old （3.35%）,no significant difference was found in the detection rate across different ages （P>0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that primary and secondary school students in Enshi City with short stature had the following influencing factors：parental short stature （OR=5.959）,growth hormone deficiency （OR=8.575）,outdoor activity time （OR=0.828）,sleep time （OR=0.738）,regular meals （OR=0.389）,Western fast food consumption （OR=1.493）,and snack food consumption （OR=2.947）. Conclusions The height and body mass development of primary and secondary school students in Enshi City conforms to the general laws of growth and development,while also exhibiting certain characteristics. For instance,the detection rate of short stature is significantly higher in girls than in boys,and there has been a notable increase in the number of obese 12-year-olds. The incidence of short stature is influenced by various factors such as physical exercise,sleep,and diet. It can be prevented by considering the developmental characteristics of primary and secondary school students in the region,as well as individual differences.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution features of dengue fever in Shantou City from 2011 to 2020,to provide a reference basis for formulating precise prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on dengue fever outbreaks in Shantou City from 2011 to 2020 were collected. Descriptive epidemiology,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and spatiotemporal scan statistic were used to analyze the patterns of dengue fever. Results From 2011 to 2020,a total of 1 271 cases of dengue fever were reported in Shantou City,with an average annual incidence rate of 2.23/100 000. Among them,there were 1 153 local cases（90.72%）. Dengue fever cases were reported in all seven districts of Shantou City,and the number of local cases was positively correlated with the number of imported cases （r_s=0.83,P<0.05）. The results of spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that the local cases showed significant spatial clustering in 2014 and 2019,16 "hot spot" areas were identified,with no "cold spot" areas in the city. A total of four local case cluster areas were detected by spatiotemporal scanning：the first type of cluster area involving 17 streets （towns） in Jinping District and Longhu District,with the clustering period from July to September 2019;the other three cluster areas were distributed in Chaonan District （two） and Chaoyang District （one）. Conclusions The dengue fever epidemic in Shantou City has obvious spatiotemporal clustering characteristics,with a correlation between local cases and imported cases in terms of spatial and temporal clustering. Targeted prevention and control measures should be taken before the epidemic season and in high-incidence streets （towns）.