关键词: 幽门螺杆菌, 感染, 健康体检者, 毒力因子, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the Helicobacter pylori infection and its virulence factors among physical examinees and provide the reference information for prevention and treatment of Helicobacter pylori. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Beijing who underwent physical examination in a physical examination center of a Beijing hospital from January to December 2022. Urea ¹³C breath test results and blood biochemical indicators were collected. The virulence factors of patients with positive urea ¹³C breath test were detected by protein chip method. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the infection status and virulence factors of Helicobacter pylori among the physical examinees. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection. Results A total of 2 746 physical examinees were investigated,with a male to female ratio of 1.05∶1 （1 405/1 341）,aged 21-76 years old,with the highest proportion of 40-49 years old [28.77% （790/2 746）]. The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori was 33.25% （913/2 746）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that drinking （OR=1.530）,eating out （OR=2.052）,eating pickled food （OR=1.822）,family history of Helicobacter pylori infection （OR=3.904）,fasting blood glucose abnormality （OR=1.980）,homocysteine abnormality （OR=1.766）,dyslipidemia （OR=1.498）,and cognitive level of Helicobacter pylori （OR=0.321）were influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection. The expression of Helicobacter pylori cytotoxin-associated protein A （CagA）antibody （+）,vacuolating cytotoxin A （VacA）antibody （+）,and urease （Ure）antibody （+）in serum was the most common type of virulence factors in Helicobacter pylori infection,accounting for 39.54%. Conclusions The infection rate of Helicobacter pylori among physical examinees is relatively high,which is affected by many factors such as drinking,eating out,eating pickled food,family history of Helicobacter pylori infection,abnormal fasting blood glucose,abnormal homocysteine,dyslipidemia,and cognitive level of Helicobacter pylori. In addition,the expression of serum CagA antibody （+）is in the majority. Effective intervention measures can be taken according to the infection status and virulence factor characteristics to prevent and control the occurrence and development of Helicobacter pylori infection and related diseases.

Key words: Helicobacter pylori, Infection, Physical examinee, Virulence factor, Influencing factor