如皋市儿童青少年近视现状及其影响因素调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0124

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨如皋市儿童青少年近视现状并分析其影响因素,为促进如皋市儿童青少年视力健康提供科学依据。方法于2022年1—12月在如皋市辖3个街道、11个镇随机抽取7所小学、7所中学,对抽中学校满足条件的儿童青少年进行常规视力检查及问卷调查,采用描述流行病学分析方法对视力检查结果进行分析,同时进行近视相关因素调查,通过单、多因素分析方法分析儿童青少年近视影响因素。结果有效研究对象4 811名,检出近视1 296例,近视率为26.94%。多因素logistic回归分析提示年龄（OR=1.982）、BMI（OR=1.511）、近亲近视（OR=6.170）、每日户外活动时间（OR=0.568）、保持正确读写姿势（OR=0.820）、单次视屏时间（OR=3.600）、正确应用读写作业台灯（OR=0.695）、其他不良用眼习惯（OR=1.687）、定期视力检查（OR=0.417）、家长近视防控知识行为正确率（OR=0.674）是儿童青少年近视的影响因素。结论如皋市儿童青少年近视有待改善,其受到多种因素影响,近视情况需引起教育及医疗行政部门重视,需制订针对性防范措施,以促进该地区儿童青少年视力健康水平的提高。

关键词: 儿童, 青少年, 近视, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the status of myopia in children and adolescents in Rugao City and analyze its influencing factors,to provide the reference information for promoting the visual health of children and adolescents in Rugao City. Methods From January to December 2022,7 primary schools and 7 middle schools were randomly selected from 3 streets and 11 towns under the jurisdiction of Rugao City. Children and adolescents who met the conditions in the selected schools were subjected to routine visual acuity examinations and questionnaire surveys. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the results of visual acuity examinations,and a survey of myopia related factors was conducted. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the factors affecting myopia in children and adolescents. Results Among 4 811 effective subjects,1 296 cases of myopia were detected,and the myopia rate was 26.94%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age （OR=1.982）,BMI （OR=1.511）,close relatives myopia （OR=6.170）,daily outdoor activity time （OR=0.568）,maintaining correct reading and writing posture （OR=0.820）,single screen time （OR=3.600）,correct use of reading and writing desk lamps （OR=0.695）,other bad eye habits （OR=1.687）,regular visual acuity examinations （OR=0.417）,and the accuracy of parents' knowledge and behavior on myopia prevention and control （OR=0.674）were influencing factors for myopia in children and adolescents. Conclusions Myopia in children and adolescents in Rugao City needs to be improved,and it is influenced by various factors. The status of myopia needs to be taken seriously by education and medical administrative departments,and targeted prevention measures need to be formulated to promote the visual health of children and adolescents in the region.

Key words: Children, Adolescent, Myopia, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R179

吴小琴, 高建兰, 康林钰. 如皋市儿童青少年近视现状及其影响因素调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(2): 124-127.

WU Xiaoqin, GAO Jianlan, KANG Linyu. Status and influencing factors of myopia in children and adolescents in Rugao City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(2): 124-127.

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