关键词: 资源配置水平, 空间差异, 动态演进, Dagum基尼系数, 核密度估计法

Abstract: Objective To analyze spatial differences and dynamic evolution of allocation of healthcare resources in China. Methods The Dagum Gini coefficient and kernel density estimation methods were used to explore the spatial differences and dynamic evolution of allocation of China's healthcare resources based on the data of 31 provinces,municipalities as well as autonomous regions from 2012 to 2021. Four indicators representing medical and health financial,material,human,and service resources were selected：health expenditure per capita,number of medical institutions per 1 000,number of health technicians per 1 000,and average patient load per physician per day. The global entropy method was used to calculate the resource allocation level index of provinces over the years. Results The Dagum Gini coefficient showed that from 2012 to 2021,the Gini coefficient of China's healthcare resources allocation increased from 0.180 5 to 0.197 2,and then decreased to 0.118 7. The kernel density estimation results showed that the center position of the kernel density curve gradually shifted to the right from about 0.2 with the increase of years,and stabilized at about 0.3. Conclusions The level of healthcare resources allocation is increasing year by year in China,and the overall gap in healthcare resource allocation space is narrowing year by year. There are still unbalanced development status and differentiated resource allocation level in each region,and the main factor affecting the overall regional gap is the gap between regions.

Key words: Resources allocation level, Spatial differences, Dynamic evolution, Dagum Gini coefficient, Kernel density estimation method