关键词: 2型糖尿病, 煤矿职工, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in coal mine workers. Methods A convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey, physical examination, and laboratory tests among coal mine workers undergoing annual health check-ups at the Occupational Disease Prevention Institute of West Mountain Coal and Electricity (Group) Co., Ltd. in 2023. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors influencing T2DM. Results A total of 16 261 coal mine workers were included, with a T2DM prevalence rate of 7.12%. The prevalence rate was 7.49% among male workers and 3.43% among female workers. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥45 years (OR=2.12, 95% CI: 1.79-2.52), obesity (OR=1.44, 95% CI: 1.14-1.82), central obesity (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.41-2.02), family history of diabetes (OR=3.47, 95% CI: 3.02-3.99), hypertension (OR=1.95, 95% CI: 1.70-2.22), dyslipidemia (OR=1.66, 95% CI: 1.45-1.91), other occupations (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.01-1.83), work tenure of 10-20 years (OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.02-1.45), work tenure >20 years (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.19-1.76), and exposure to high temperatures (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.15-4.25) were positively associated with a higher risk of T2DM. Conversely, being female (OR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.33-0.63), having a high school education (OR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.66-0.93), having a college or bachelor's degree or higher (OR=0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.97), and hyperuricemia (OR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.43-0.59) were negatively associated with T2DM risk. Conclusions The prevalence of T2DM in coal mine workers is relatively low. Influencing factors include age, gender, education level, obesity, central obesity, family history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, work tenure, and occupational exposure to high temperatures.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes, Coal mine workers, Influencing factor