Abstract: Objective To study the backwardness in early development and its influencing factors of physical examination for entering kindergartens of children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, and to provide reference information for promoting the early development of children. Methods Preschoolers in Jinshui District who underwent physical examination for entering kindergartens in a hospital in Zhengzhou from April to June 2021 were selected as the subjects, the mental development index （MDI） and psychomotor development index （PDI） of the subjects were tested by the Children’s Developmental Center of China （CDCC）. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the early development of children, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of early development. Results A total of 4 149 physical examination children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou were included, including 2 117 boys and 2 032 girls; 1 058 were 2 years old and 3 091 were 3 years old. Among them, 406 children were backward in early development, with a backward rate of 9.79%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the higher the education level of one parent （OR=0.581）, the main caregivers were grandparents （OR=1.919） or others （OR=2.729）, the non-single-child （OR=0.493）, the longer the daily reading time （OR=0.240）, long daily sleep time （OR=0.540）, and long daily outdoor activities （OR=0.670） were the influencing factors of backwardness in early development of physical examination for entering kindergartens of children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou. Conclusion The early development of some children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou is backward, and its occurrence is affected by many factors. We can strengthen publicity and education work according to the influencing factors, improve parents’ scientific parenting ability, improve family parenting environment, and improve the level of early development of children.

Key words: Mental development, Psychomotor development, Children, Influencing factor