Objective To understand the willingness and influencing factors of the pension model choice in the outer suburbs since the pilot implementation of the long-term care insurance policy in Shanghai, so as to provide basis for improving the elderly care service security system in Shanghai. Methods Based on Anderson model, a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the willingness of the pension model choice in the outer suburbs, and multiple Logistic regression analysis method was used to analyze the factors that affect the choice of elderly in the outer suburbs. Results Of the 955 elderly, 77.2% chose home-based care, 13.2% were willing to accept community-based care, and 9.6% chose institutional care. Logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly with junior high school education （OR=4.254）, who agreed with “living in an elderly care institution shows that their children are unfilial and feel ashamed when living in an elderly care institution” （OR=13.062）, who did not know much about the unified needs assessment of elderly care in Shanghai （OR=5.214）, and who were in good health （OR=7.550） might choose home-based care more than institutional care. The elderly with basic endowment insurance for urban employees （OR=0.115） and had two children （OR=0.310） might choose home-based care less than institutional care. Conclusion Shanghai should strengthen the publicity and implementation of elderly care service policies such as long-term care insurance and unified needs assessment for elderly care, change the concept of elderly care for the elderly, and improve the social elderly service capabilities in the outer suburbs.

Objective To study the backwardness in early development and its influencing factors of physical examination for entering kindergartens of children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou, and to provide reference information for promoting the early development of children. Methods Preschoolers in Jinshui District who underwent physical examination for entering kindergartens in a hospital in Zhengzhou from April to June 2021 were selected as the subjects, the mental development index （MDI） and psychomotor development index （PDI） of the subjects were tested by the Children’s Developmental Center of China （CDCC）. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the early development of children, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of early development. Results A total of 4 149 physical examination children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou were included, including 2 117 boys and 2 032 girls; 1 058 were 2 years old and 3 091 were 3 years old. Among them, 406 children were backward in early development, with a backward rate of 9.79%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the higher the education level of one parent （OR=0.581）, the main caregivers were grandparents （OR=1.919） or others （OR=2.729）, the non-single-child （OR=0.493）, the longer the daily reading time （OR=0.240）, long daily sleep time （OR=0.540）, and long daily outdoor activities （OR=0.670） were the influencing factors of backwardness in early development of physical examination for entering kindergartens of children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou. Conclusion The early development of some children in Jinshui District, Zhengzhou is backward, and its occurrence is affected by many factors. We can strengthen publicity and education work according to the influencing factors, improve parents’ scientific parenting ability, improve family parenting environment, and improve the level of early development of children.

Objective To explore the status of life behaviors of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） in Zibo and analyze the influencing factors. Methods T2DM patients registered in the urban communities of Zibo were selected as the research objects. The convenience sampling method was used to recruit T2DM patients in community service centers. A modified Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities （SDSCA） was used to investigate the life behaviors of T2DM patients. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the life behaviors of patients, and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results Finally, 1 450 T2DM patients were effectively investigated, aged 18-80 years old, with a higher proportion of 60-80 years old. The total score of SDSCA<60 points accounted for 33.83%, 60-80 points accounted for 57.93%, > 80 points accounted for 8.25%. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that women （β'=0.127）, the older （β'=0.111）, the longer the course of diabetes （β'=0.116）, the family history of diabetes （β'=0.175）, and complications （β'=0.219）, the higher the SDSCA score of T2DM patients. Conclusion The management of life behavior of T2DM patients in Zibo is poor, which is influenced by many factors such as gender, age, course of disease and family history of diabetes. The comprehensive management of patients, families and society is required.

Objective To analyze the detection and characteristics of high-risk population of cardiovascular disease aged 40-79 years in Shijingshan District,Beijing, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Methods From March to July 2021, 3 communities in Shijingshan District were randomly selected by convenient sampling method. All permanent residents aged 40-79 years in the selected communities were investigated, including questionnaire survey, physical examination and blood biochemical index test. The residents were judged as high-risk population according to the relevant standards in “Guidelines for Risk Assessment and Management of Vascular Diseases”. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the high risk of cardiovascular disease and its influencing factors. Results A total of 4 172 people were effectively investigated, including 2 168 men and 2 004 women. The proportion of residents aged 60-69 years was the highest, accounting for 38.11%. Four hundred and twenty-nine cases with high risk of cardiovascular disease were screened, and the detection rate was 10.28%. The high-risk rate of men （13.19%） was higher than that of women （7.14%）. The older the residents, the body mass index （BMI） ≥28.0 kg/m², the worse the lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors, the higher the risk. Among the 429 high-risk population, 186 cases （43.36%） were high risk with high blood pressure, 141 cases （32.87%） were high risk with dyslipidemia, 93 cases （21.68%） were high risk with cardiovascular history, and 125 cases （29.14%） were high risk with disease risk ≥20%. Three hundred and forty-four cases （80.19%） for one type of high risk, 54 cases （12.59%） for two types of high risk, and 31 cases （7.23%） for three types of high risk. There were statistically significant differences in the high-risk detection rates of cardiovascular disease among residents in Shijingshan District with different gender, age, BMI, lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors （all P<0.01）. Conclusion The high-risk detection rate of cardiovascular disease among residents aged 40-79 years in Shijingshan District, Beijing is relatively high. There are significant differences in the detection rate of gender, age, BMI, lifestyle and eating habits and health behaviors, and the distribution of high-risk types is different. High risk screening and prevention interventions should be strengthened according to specific conditions to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Objective To analyze the current status of Parkinson syndrome and its related influencing factors in the elderly in Dazu District, Chongqing. Methods From July 2019 to June 2021, the elderly ≥ 60 years old in community of Dazu District, Chongqing were recruited by convenient sampling method. The Parkinson Disease Symptom Inventory （PDSI） scale was used to screen the elderly for Parkinson syndrome. Those assessed as dyskinesia were further diagnosed by neurologists. The results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and the influencing factors of Parkinson syndrome were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results In this study, 4 628 elderly people in Dazu District, Chongqing were screened with questionnaire and PDSI scale. Parkinson syndrome was detected in 346 cases, the prevalence rate was 7.48%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that for every 10 years of age increase （OR=1.702, 2.540）, with hypertension （OR=2.208）, diabetes （OR=2.251）, stroke （OR=1.436）, and sleep disorders （OR= 1.997）, the elderly people were more likely to suffer from Parkinson syndrome. Elderly people who drunk tea regularly （OR=0.437）, participated in entertainment such as poker, mahjong （OR=0.671）, and exercise （OR=0.569） were less likely to suffer from Parkinson syndrome. Conclusion The prevalence of Parkinson syndrome is high in the elderly ≥ 60 years old. It can be affected by many risk factors such as age, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, sleep disorders, drinking tea, physical exercise, and participation in poker, mahjong and other entertainment. It is recommended that the elderly ≥ 60 years old exercise moderately and scientifically, maintain good leisure and recreational activities, and prevent the occurrence of Parkinson syndrome.

Objective To investigate the thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age before pregnancy and analyze its related factors. Methods Questionnaire surveys, physical examination data collection, and thyroid function tests were carried out on women of childbearing age who underwent pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination in a hospital in Zhengzhou from June 2018 to May 2020. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the thyroid dysfunction, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze its influencing factors. Results A total of 3 672 women of childbearing age were investigated, aged 20-46 years, with an average age of （31.15 ± 6.47） years. The body mass index （BMI） was 17.30-30.23 kg/m², with an average of （23.58 ± 4.03） kg/m². Among them, 341 cases of thyroid dysfunction were detected, and the detection rate was 9.29%, mainly subclinical hypothyroidism （54.84%） and subclinical hyperthyroidism （27.57%）. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the older （OR=1.265） women of childbearing age had an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction. Compared with the BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m² group, women of childbearing age with BMI<18.5 kg/m² （OR=1.119） or ≥24.0 kg/m² （OR=1.358） had a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction. Compared with the iodized salt group, women of childbearing age who consume non-iodized salt had a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction （OR=1.397）. In addition, history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth （OR=1.198）, smoking （OR=1.520）, family history of thyroid disease （OR=3.025）, abnormal blood pressure （OR=3.600）, dyslipidemia （OR=1.581） and abnormal blood glucose （OR=1.412） were the risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age. Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age in Zhengzhou pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination is high, and subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism are common. Clinically, the pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination should focus on women of childbearing age such as old age, abnormal weight, smoking, insufficient iodine intake, family history of thyroid disease, abnormal blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abnormal blood glucose, with a view to reducing the risk of pregnancy related diseases and escort the eugenics policy.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the polymorphism of the gene of fibroblast growth factor 1（FGF1） and hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage among Han population in Shanghai. Methods Patients with primary hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage diagnosed and hospitalized in the department of neurology of a hospital in Shanghai from November 2018 to December 2019 were randomly selected as the intracerebral hemorrhage group. Healthy people of the same gender and similar age who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of the hospital in the same period were selected as the control group. The data of gender, age, smoking and drinking of the two groups were collected, physical examination and blood pressure measurement were carried out in the two groups. Peripheral venous blood was used to detect blood glucose, blood lipids [triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A, apolipoprotein B / lipoprotein （a）] and SNP at rs34018 locus of FGF1. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. Results A total of 58 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were included, with an average age of （70.14±5.08） years, including 36 males and 21 females. In the control group, there were 58 healthy subjects, with an average age of （69.38±6.51） years, including 36 males and 22 females. There was no significant difference in gender, age, blood glucose and blood lipids （triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A and apolipoprotein B） between the two groups （all P>0.05）. The diastolic and systolic blood pressures in intracerebral hemorrhage group were higher than those in control group （both P<0.01）. There were significant differences in smoking rate, drinking rate, genotype frequency and allele frequency of SNP at rs34018 locus of FGF1 between the two groups （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. After adjusting for age, gender, blood pressure, lipoprotein （a）, smoking history and drinking history, with genotype AA as a reference, the risk of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in genotype AG increased by 8.242 times （OR=9.242）, and in genotype GG increased by 32.284 times （OR=33.284）. Conclusion Polymorphism of the gene of FGF1 in Han population in Shanghai may promote hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, which may be closely related to the GG type at rs34018 locus and the increase of serum lipoprotein （a）.

Objective To understand the current situation of health literacy of malignant tumor prevention and treatment and demands among residents in Zhengzhou, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for developing and formulating health policies related to cancer prevention and treatment. Methods Using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, residents aged ≥ 18 years old in Zhengzhou were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on tumor prevention and health literacy from June 2020 to March 2021, and the relevant influencing factors were analyzed according to the sociodemographic characteristics and data of the included objects. Results A total of 3 218 respondents were included, of which 43.04% had basic health literacy of tumor prevention and treatment. The health literacy rates of tumor prevention awareness and the awareness of early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment （“three early” awareness） were 65.12% and 37.61% respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that female （OR=1.857）, age （OR=0.803）, educational level （OR=1.296, 1.204, 1.415）, occupational status （OR=1.156, 0.787）, annual family income （OR=1.230, 1.391, 1.528）, suffering from malignant tumors （OR=2.812） and the education of tumor prevention and treatment （OR=3.908） were influencing factors of the health literacy level of tumor prevention and treatment in Zhengzhou. Conclusion The health literacy level of malignant tumor prevention and treatment of residents in Zhengzhou is low. Moreover, the awareness of malignant tumor prevention and “three early” awareness are relatively unbalanced. Medical workers should focus on strengthening the “three early” awareness education of residents, comprehensively consider the sociodemographic characteristics of patients, focus on high-risk groups, and carry out targeted health education of prevention and treatment.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of breastfeeding behavior of 6-month-old infants in Dazu District, Chongqing. Methods All community vaccination sites in Dazu District of Chongqing were coded, and then divided into four regions according to the East, South, West and North. One community vaccination site was randomly selected in each region as the survey site. The mothers of 6-month-old infants who entered the vaccination site were investigated by chance method during the survey period. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the status of infant feeding, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of breastfeeding. Results In this study, a total of 1 344 mothers of 6-month-old infants were surveyed, aged 23-46 years old, among which 23.21% were ≥35 years old. The breastfeeding rate, mixed feeding rate and artificial feeding rate were 77.68%, 15.63% and 6.70% respectively at the age of 1 month, 71.43%, 20.54% and 8.04% respectively at the age of 2 months, 63.84%, 25.89% and 10.27% at the age of 4 months and 53.57%, 28.57% and 17.86% respectively at the age of 6 months. There was significant difference in feeding patterns among infants of different months （P<0.01）. Unconditional multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that mothers with postpartum milk opening time ≥ 2 h （OR=0.638） were less likely to breastfeed, and mothers with sufficient milk secretion （OR=2.418）, prenatal breastfeeding guidance （OR=1.621）, confidence in breastfeeding （OR=1.461） and high cognitive level of breastfeeding （OR=1.733） were more likely to breastfeed. Conclusion The breastfeeding rate of 6-month-old infants in Dazu District of Chongqing is low. With the increase of month age, the breastfeeding rate decreased gradually. Early postpartum milk opening, sufficient milk secretion, prenatal breastfeeding guidance, breastfeeding confidence and high cognitive level of breastfeeding are helpful to promote the implementation of breastfeeding.

Objective To investigate the activities of daily living （ADL） and its related factors in stroke patients when they discharging from the hospital after specialist rehabilitation. Methods Taking stroke patients admitted to the rehabilitation department of a hospital in Hai’an from June 2019 to December 2020 as the research object, the ADL status was evaluated when the patients were discharged from the hospital after the specialist rehabilitation, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of ADL. Results The ADL score of 523 stroke patients after specialist rehabilitation was （62.23 ± 18.27）, of which the proportion of stroke patients with poor ADL score （<60） was 28.49%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=1.861）, body mass index<18.5 kg/m² （OR=1.379） and ≥ 24.0 kg/m² （OR=1.119）, family monthly income （OR=0.666）, rehabilitation course （OR=0.870）, rehabilitation intervention time （OR=4.740）, depression （OR=6.123）, cognitive impairment （OR=3.031）, rehabilitation participation （OR=0.123）, general doctor-patient relationship （OR=0.393） and good doctor-patient relationship （OR=0.264） were influencing factors of ADL score<60 after specialist rehabilitation of stroke patients. Conclusion The ADL of stroke patients is still poor when they discharge from the hospital after specialist rehabilitation. Early prevention and intervention of the influencing factors that affect the outcome of specialist rehabilitation of stroke patients is an effective means to improve the ADL effect of stroke patients after specialist rehabilitation.

Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of patients with first-episode cerebral hemorrhage and its impact on prognosis in Beijing, so as to provide reference for prevention and treatment of cerebral hemorrhage. Methods The data of patients with cerebral hemorrhage in a hospital from 2018 to 2020 were retrieved from the hospital medical record management system, and the Glasgow Outcome Scale （GOS score） was used to follow up and evaluate the prognosis of the patients 6 months after discharge. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the case characteristics and prognosis of patients with cerebral hemorrhage, and the prognosis of patients with different characteristics was compared and analyzed. Results A total of 3 139 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were included in this study for analysis. In 2018, 2019, and 2020, 927, 1 019, and 1 193 cases were included, and the number of cases increased year by year. The male to female ratio was 1∶0.98, aged 34-87 years, and the proportion of patients aged 60 -<70 years was the largest, accounting for 38.8%. There was significant difference in the distribution of patients of different ages in the three years （P<0.01）, and the proportion of patients with younger age tended to increase. The proportion of incidence in autumn and winter was high, accounting for 60.7%, and the main cause was hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, accounting for 44.4%. The main hemorrhage was in the basal nuclei, accounting for 60.2%. There was no statistically significant difference in different years, gender, season of onset, cause of onset, and distribution of hemorrhage sites among the three years （all P>0.05）. A total of 2 279 patients with cerebral hemorrhage were followed up for 6 months after discharge, and 1 277 had good prognosis, with a good rate of 56.0%. There was a statistically significant difference in the good prognosis rate of cerebral hemorrhage patients with different gender, age, cause of onset, and hemorrhage site （all P<0.01）, and the difference in the good prognosis rate of patients with cerebral hemorrhage in different years and onset seasons was not statistically significant （both P>0.05）. Conclusion In recent three years, patients with first-episode cerebral hemorrhage in Beijing have obvious gender, age and seasonal distribution characteristics. The main cause of onset is hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, and basal nuclei hemorrhage is common. There are differences in the prognosis of patients with different characteristics. Effective prevention and treatment measures can be actively taken in combination with the epidemic characteristics of hospitalized cerebral hemorrhage patients to reduce the health hazards caused by cerebral hemorrhage, and obtain good prognosis.

Objective To investigate the dietary mineral and vitamin intake of junior high school students, and analyze the relationship between dietary behavior and myopia. Methods The cluster sampling method was adopted to select all junior high school students from a middle school in Beijing suburb from July 2018 to March 2019. The 24-hour dietary review questionnaire and the self-compiled “Dietary Behavior Questionnaire within a week” were used to conduct dietary surveys. The NCCW nutrition software was used to analyze the intake of minerals and vitamins. The nationally used E-standard eye chart was used to check the eyesight of junior high school students. Results A total of 181 junior high school students were investigated, including 92 girls （50.8%） and 89 boys （49.2%）, aged 10-16 years old, with an average of （13.06± 0.96） years old. The consumption of eggs, coarse food grains and soybean products was not good, and only 20 junior high school students （11.0%） could persist in eating coarse food grains 5-6 times in a week. The NCCW software analysis result of the 24-hour dietary review survey found that in the dietary mineral intake of junior high school students, only the intake of phosphorus was more than 90% of the recommended intake in both boys and girls, and the intake of other minerals and vitamins was insufficient, in which the intake of calcium was seriously insufficient, accounting for 23.50% and 26.62% of the recommended intake. Myopia screening found that 56.7% of junior high school students in the school were in the range of severe myopia, and the degree of left eye myopia in girls was higher than that in boys （P <0.05）. Different degrees of myopia vary with the intake of minerals and vitamins. The intake of calcium among students with severe myopia was higher than that of mild and moderate myopia, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion The intake of minerals and vitamins of junior high school students in the school is insufficient, and calcium is related to the degree of myopia. It is suggested that parents and schools should make a scientific and balanced diet to reduce the risk of myopia in adolescents.