Abstract: Objective To investigate the thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age before pregnancy and analyze its related factors. Methods Questionnaire surveys, physical examination data collection, and thyroid function tests were carried out on women of childbearing age who underwent pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination in a hospital in Zhengzhou from June 2018 to May 2020. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the thyroid dysfunction, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze its influencing factors. Results A total of 3 672 women of childbearing age were investigated, aged 20-46 years, with an average age of （31.15 ± 6.47） years. The body mass index （BMI） was 17.30-30.23 kg/m², with an average of （23.58 ± 4.03） kg/m². Among them, 341 cases of thyroid dysfunction were detected, and the detection rate was 9.29%, mainly subclinical hypothyroidism （54.84%） and subclinical hyperthyroidism （27.57%）. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the older （OR=1.265） women of childbearing age had an increased risk of thyroid dysfunction. Compared with the BMI 18.5-23.9 kg/m² group, women of childbearing age with BMI<18.5 kg/m² （OR=1.119） or ≥24.0 kg/m² （OR=1.358） had a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction. Compared with the iodized salt group, women of childbearing age who consume non-iodized salt had a higher risk of thyroid dysfunction （OR=1.397）. In addition, history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth （OR=1.198）, smoking （OR=1.520）, family history of thyroid disease （OR=3.025）, abnormal blood pressure （OR=3.600）, dyslipidemia （OR=1.581） and abnormal blood glucose （OR=1.412） were the risk factors of thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age. Conclusion The detection rate of thyroid dysfunction in women of childbearing age in Zhengzhou pre-pregnancy eugenic health examination is high, and subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism are common. Clinically, the pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination should focus on women of childbearing age such as old age, abnormal weight, smoking, insufficient iodine intake, family history of thyroid disease, abnormal blood pressure, dyslipidemia and abnormal blood glucose, with a view to reducing the risk of pregnancy related diseases and escort the eugenics policy.

Key words: Woman of childbearing age, Pre-pregnancy examination, Thyroid function, Abnormal, Influencing factor