Abstract: Objective To investigate the etiological characteristics of patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding （UGIB） and to analyze the treatment costs and its influencing factors. Methods From October 2016 to September 2021, the baseline data, examination results, treatment, and hospitalization time of UGIB inpatients were derived from the hospital information management system of a hospital in Pinggu District. And from the hospital charging system, the relevant treatment costs information such as hospitalization expenses, operation fees, blood transfusion fees, western medicine fees, and Chinese patent medicine fees was retrieved. Descriptive and nonparametric analyses were used to analyze clinical data and treatment costs, and multiple linear regression was used to analyze the related factors of treatment costs. Results A total of 1 022 UGIB inpatients were included, including 732 males （71.62%） and 290 females （28.38%）, with a male-female ratio of 2.52∶1; 209 patients aged 18-44 years old, 244 patients aged 45-59 years old, 569 patients aged 60 and years old. There was a statistically significant difference in the age distribution of disease among different genders （P<0.01）. The hospitalization time of 1 022 UGIB patients was 14 （10, 17） days, and the treatment costs： the examination fee was 2 755.0 （1 988.0, 4 575.3） yuan, the operation fee was 1 870.0 （1 380.0, 2 603.0） yuan, the blood transfusion fee was 1 546.0 （0, 2 773.3） yuan, the western medicine fee was 9 746.5 （8 765.5, 11 527.3） yuan, the Chinese patent medicine fee was 212.0 （168.8, 255.0） yuan, and the total cost was 16 007.5 （12 581.3, 19 916.5） yuan. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age （β’=0.574）, hypertension （β’=0.054）, coronary heart disease （β’=0.064）, blood transfusion （β’=0.257）, gastric cancer （β’=0.047）, and the length of hospitalization time （β’=0.230） were the influencing factors of treatment costs. Conclusion Male patients with UGIB are more than female patients, and there are differences in etiology in different age groups. Elderly patients have higher treatment costs, combined with hypertension, coronary heart disease, blood transfusion, and long hospitalization time are also risk factors for high treatment costs.

Key words: Upper gastrointestinal bleeding, Etiological characteristics, Treatment cost, Influencing factor