Abstract: Objective To explore the occurrence and related factors of delayed lactation initiation of parturients in Beijing, to provide a scientific basis for improving the breastfeeding rate. Methods The parturients who gave birth in Beijing Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from March 2019 to February 2021 were selected as the research objects, their lactation status was followed up by nurses who had undergone unified training and passed the assessment, and the relevant data of pregnant women were collected through questionnaires. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the occurrence of delayed lactation, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of delayed lactation. Results A total of 2 109 parturients were included in the study, aged 20-48 years old, and the proportion of 35-48 years old was higher, accounting for 54.10%. There were 1 387 parturients with normal initiation of lactation, accounting for 65.8%, and the median time of initiation of lactation was 50.65 （19.33, 70.14） h. There were 722 cases of delayed lactation initiation, accounting for 34.2%. The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥35 years old （OR=1.278）, excessive weight gain during pregnancy （OR=1.992）, primipara （OR=1.243）, gestational diabetes （OR=1.459）, gestational hypertension disease （OR=3.314）, and cesarean section （OR=1.584） were risk factors of delayed lactation initiation. Conclusion The incidence of delayed lactation initiation among parturients in the Tongzhou District of Beijing is relatively high. Advanced maternal age, excessive weight gain during pregnancy, primipara, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and cesarean section are all risk factors for delayed lactation initiation. Medical staff should pay attention to the above-mentioned types of parturients and pay attention to treatment promptly, to improve the delayed lactation initiation of parturients.

Key words: Parturient, Breastfeeding, Lactation, Delayed initiation, Influencing factor