Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of reproductive tract pathogen infection on maternal and infant outcomes in parturients with premature rupture of membranes, and to analyze the risk factors for infection, and thus to provide a reference for reducing reproductive tract pathogen infection. Methods Parturients who delivered after having premature rupture of membranes in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021 were selected and divided into infected and non-infected groups based on whether they had a reproductive tract pathogen infection. Related data and laboratory test results were collected for both groups. Descriptive analysis method was used to compare the pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes of the two groups, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection. Results A total of 1 926 parturients with premature rupture of membranes were included in the study, aged 20 - 47, with an average age of （32.48±5.21） years. There were 1 153 cases of reproductive tract pathogen infection, the infection rate was 59.87%, including 1 121 cases （58.20%） of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection, 455 cases （23.62%） of Candida infection, 351 cases （18.22%） of bacterial vaginosis, 241 cases （12.51%） of Trichomonas infection, 163 cases （8.46%） of Chlamydia trachomatis, and 494 cases （25.65%） of mixed infection. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=1.704）, abortion history （OR=2.252）, contraceptive method （OR=1.637）, and reproductive tract pathogen infection history （OR=2.462） were independent influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection in parturients with premature rupture of membranes. Conclusions The detection rate of reproductive tract pathogen infection is high in parturients with premature rupture of membranes, which can directly bring adverse effects on maternal and infant outcomes. Age, abortion history, contraceptive method, and reproductive tract pathogen infection history were the independent influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection.

Key words: Premature rupture of membranes, Reproductive tract pathogen infection, Maternal and infant outcome, Influencing factor