Objective To investigate the correlation between triglyceride （TG） and blood glucose in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in rural areas of Anqing City. Methods From July to September 2020, Middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in 7 towns were randomly selected in rural areas of Anqing City by multi-stage random sampling method. The data of the respondents were obtained through the questionnaire survey, physical examination, and laboratory examination. The correlation between TG and blood glucose was analyzed by the binary Logistic regression model. Results A total of 2 339 middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in rural areas of Anqing City were included in this study, including 1 166 male patients （49.85%）, 2 018 patients （86.28%）≥65 years old, and 365 patients （15.60%） with abnormal TG. Binary Logistic regression results showed that after adjusting for gender, body mass index （BMI）, and other related factors, the risk of abnormal blood glucose increased by 0.258 times with each increase of 1 mmol/L TG （OR=1.258）. TG was divided into three groups according to the clinical critical value. Compared with the lowest group （TG<1.7 mmol/L）, patients with elevated TG margins （1.7 mmol/L≤TG<2.3 mmol/L） and elevated TG （TG≥2.3 mmol/L） had a 0.771 fold （OR=1.771） and 1.392 fold （OR=2.392） increased risk of abnormal blood glucose, respectively. Conclusions There is a positive correlation between TG and blood glucose in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension in rural areas of Anqing City. It is suggested to strengthen the monitoring of blood glucose and blood lipid to prevent and control abnormal blood glucose and blood lipid and the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To investigate the contamination level of aflatoxin B₁ in loose-packed peanut oil extracted by a native method in individual workshops in Guangzhou from 2016 to 2021, and to evaluate the corresponding health risk and liver cancer risk of loose-packed peanut oil consumers. Methods In 2016-2021, a total of 203 loose-packed peanut oil extracted by a native method in individual workshops were collected in Guangzhou. Aflatoxin B₁ concentrations were examined by HPLC-fluorometry and HPLC-post-chromatographic derivatization photometry, and evaluated according to the National Food Safety Standard-Limit of Mycotoxins in Food （GB 2761）. Based on the probability assessment theory, methods of margin of exposure （MOE） and mathematical model were used to evaluate the health risk and liver cancer risk of loose-packed peanut oil consumers. Results The detection rate and over-standard rate of aflatoxin B₁ in 203 loose-packed peanut oil were 76.85% （156/203） and 9.85% （20/203）, respectively. The mean and maximum detection values in 2019-2021 were lower than those in 2016-2018. The results of the health risk assessment showed that the MOE values of peanut oil consumers of all ages were bellowed 10 000, and the risk of liver cancer caused by aflatoxin B₁ in high consumption groups was greater than 1 cancer / （1 million people/year）.Conclusions The contamination level of aflatoxin B₁ in loose-packed peanut oil extracted by a native method in individual workshops in Guangzhou has been improved. While the health risk of peanut oil consumers exposed to aflatoxin B₁ in peanut oil still deserves attention. It is suggested to further strengthen the supervision of individual workshops on peanut oil.

Objective To analyze the mortality characteristics of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among residents in Yunfu City in 2019, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Methods The mortality data of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Yunfu City in 2019 were collected, and the crude mortality, standardized mortality, life expectancy, and potential years of life lost （PYLL） were analyzed. Results In 2019, the crude mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Yunfu City was 253.14/100 000 （standardized mortality rate was 190.42/100 000）, accounting for 46.42% of all causes of death. The crude and standardized mortality rates of males were higher than those of females. The top three causes of death from cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were cerebrovascular diseases, ischemic heart diseases, and other heart diseases. The mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases increased with age. The life expectancy after removal of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was 96.36 years, and the life expectancy lost due to death of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases was 14.43 years. PYLL, PYLL rate, and average years of life lost in males were higher than those in females. Conclusions Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the main causes of death for residents in Yunfu City. Males, elderly women, and people over 45 years old are the focus of the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Yunfu City, and targeted measures should be taken to prevent them.

Objective To explore nosocomial infection and the distribution of pathogenic bacteria in intensive care unit （ICU） patients, and analyze the influencing factors of nosocomial infection in patients. Methods From January 2019 to December 2021, 2 348 patients hospitalized in the ICU of four hospitals in Nanjing were selected. Clinical data such as gender and age of the patients were collected, and 3 821 microbiological samples were cultured and identified. The factors affecting nosocomial infection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 231 patients were infected in the hospital, the infection rate was 9.84%. A total of 382 strains of non-repetitive pathogenic bacteria were detected, including 242 gram-negative bacteria （63.55%）, 95 gram-positive bacteria （24.87%）, and 45 fungi （11.78%）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age<18 years old （OR=4.775）, age 60-75 years old （OR=4.426）, severity of disease ≥4 points （OR=4.818）, admission time in ICU ≥15 days （OR=6.134）, central venous intubation （OR=6.420）, tracheal intubation （OR=3.264）, urinary intubation （OR=5.711）, use of ≥2 antibiotics （OR=4.748）, surgery （OR=7.843）, and complicated with diabetes mellitus （OR=45.901） were risk factors for nosocomial infection in ICU patients. Conclusions The nosocomial infection of ICU patients is mainly caused by gram-negative bacteria, which is closely related to age, the severity of the disease, length of stay, central venous intubation, tracheal intubation, and other factors. Medical staff can prevent and control nosocomial infection by adhering to aseptic operation, environmental disinfection and purification, rational use of antibiotics, and other measures.

Objective To observe the status of lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism in elderly health examinees in Fuzhou, and analyze the influencing factors of abnormal lipid metabolism and abnormal glucose metabolism. Methods The convenient sampling method was used to randomly select free health examinees aged 65 and above in Fuzhou to participate in this study. The questionnaire survey method was used to collect basic information and life behavior, and the lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism results were collected for descriptive analysis. The univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the related factors of abnormal lipid metabolism combined with abnormal glucose metabolism. Results Finally, the relevant data of 3 519 elderly health examinees were included for analysis, including 1 126 cases of abnormal lipid metabolism （32.00%）, 774 cases of abnormal glucose metabolism （21.99%）, and 638 cases of abnormal lipid metabolism combined with abnormal glucose metabolism （18.13%）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female （OR=1.524）, obesity （OR=1.403）, weekly exercise time<150 min （OR=2.075）, and smoking （OR=1.367） were risk factors for abnormal lipid metabolism combined with abnormal glucose metabolism in the elderly health examinees. Conclusions The incidence of abnormal lipid metabolism and abnormal glucose metabolism among the elderly health examinees in Fuzhou is relatively high and is related to gender, obesity, weekly exercise time, and smoking. Clinically, we can reduce the incidence of abnormal lipid metabolism and abnormal glucose metabolism by encouraging residents to quit smoking, increasing exercise, and improving their diet, thereby reducing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To analyze the health-adjusted life expectancy （HALE） and its variation in Guangdong Province and its 21 cities between 2005 and 2015. Methods The death data based on county level in Guangdong between 2005 and 2015 were collected and analyzed. The proportional relationship between years of life lost （YLL） and years lived with disability （YLD） in Guangdong in global burden of disease （GBD） 2015 and the mixed effect model were used to estimate the YLD rate of diseases. The HALE was calculated by Sullivan method based on the abridged multiple-decrement life tables. Results In 2015, the life expectancy （LE） and HALE of residents in Guangdong were 77.88 years and 68.88 years respectively, higher than that in 2005; the HALE loss due to disability （LHE） of the 0-year-old group in Guangdong was 9.00 years, higher than 7.84 years in 2005. Except for very few age groups, the LE, HALE, LHE and LHE/LE of women in Guangdong were higher than those of men. Variations of HALE could be observed among cities in Guangdong. Conclusions The HALE, LE and LHE in Guangdong increased between 2005 and 2015. The regional development of HALE and LE in cities across the province is unbalanced, which shows that the developed cities are higher than the underdeveloped cities.

Objective To study the detection and influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic gastritis, and to provide the reference for prevention of Helicobacter pylori-related chronic gastritis. Methods Patients with chronic gastritis diagnosed and treated at the People's Hospital of Tunchang County and the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January to December 2021 were selected. The ¹³C-urea breath test was used to detect Helicobacter pylori. Demographic information and behaviors related to digestive disorders of the patients were collected, and the detection of Helicobacter pylori in patients with chronic gastritis was analyzed by descriptive analysis. The influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic gastritis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results Among the 1 126 patients with chronic gastritis, there were 589 males and 537 females, aged 26-73 years old, with the proportion of 50-59 years old accounting for 36.86%; there were 491 cases in rural areas and 635 cases in urban areas. The course of disease was higher in 6-12 months, accounting for 57.29%. A total of 421 cases tested positive for Helicobacter pylori, with a positive rate of 37.39%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.115）, family history of infection （OR=3.600）, course of disease （OR=1.507）, drinking habit （OR=1.988）, and cognitive level of Helicobacter pylori （OR=0.614） were influencing factors of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic gastritis. Conclusions The detection rate of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic gastritis is high and the status of the infection is not optimistic, which is affected by various factors. Prevention and treatment should be strengthened according to various factors, and infection screening should be strengthened to reduce the risk of infection.

Objective To analyze the status of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer among community women in two cities of Ningxia and explore its influencing factors. Methods From July to September 2020, a total of 1 300 community women from 15 townships/ towns/ subdistricts in 5 districts of Yinchuan City and Wuzhong City were selected by convenience sampling method to survey the knowledge, attitude, and practice of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of the score of knowledge, attitude, and practice of prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Results A total of 1 253 community women were enrolled in the two cities, with an average age of （41.87±10.72） years. The average total standard score of knowledge, attitude, and practice for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in community women was （71.94±9.97） points, and the average standard score of knowledge, attitude, and practice was （57.06±27.05）, （75.31±8.56）, and （73.09±16.56） points respectively. The results of multiple stepwise regression equation showed that women with higher education level （β'=0.360）, employees in enterprises and public institutions （β'=0.086）, employees medical insurance （β'=0.384）, and residents medical insurance （β'=0.188） had higher total score of knowledge, attitude, and practice . Women with commercial insurance （β'=-0.082） and a history of HPV infection （β'=-0.104） had lower total score of knowledge, attitude, and practice. Conclusion The level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of community women in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in the two cities of Ningxia is at the medium level, and education level, occupation, type of medical insurance, and history of HPV infection are the influencing factors.

Objective To investigate the nutritional status and its influencing factors of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer, to provide a reference for the formulation of nutritional support interventions and to improve patient outcomes. Methods ?The nutritional status and its influencing factors of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College were investigated from January 2020 to December 2021 . The nutritional status was evaluated by using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment form （MNA）, and the symptoms were evaluated by using the Chinese version of the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale （MSAS）. The nutritional risk of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer was analyzed using a descriptive analysis, with a univariate and multivariate analysis of the influencing factors of nutritional status. Results There were 541 newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer, of which 196 （36.23%） had normal nutrition, 236 （43.62%） had risk of malnutrition, and 109 （20.15%） had malnutrition. In the MSAS of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer, the scores of physiological symptoms, psychological symptoms, total distress index, and total MSAS were （2.03±0.49）, （1.02±0.25）, （1.16±0.31）, and （1.28±0.39） respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated age （OR=1.412）, dietary habits （OR=2.768）, segmentation of esophageal cancer （OR=3.658）, stage of esophageal cancer （OR=4.586）, physiological symptoms （OR=1.775）, psychological symptoms （OR=2.171）, total distress index （OR=2.712）,and total score of MSAS （OR=1.119） were the factors affecting the nutritional status of newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer. Conclusions Most newly diagnosed patients with esophageal cancer in the Weihui region are at risk of malnutrition. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment should be carried out based on the patient's symptoms, and individualized and efficient intervention measures should be taken in combination with other factors affecting the nutritional status to improve the quality of life of the patient.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods ?Patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke between January and July 2022 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College, all of whom had a doctor's order and prescription for secondary prevention drugs, were selected for a questionnaire survey on status of secondary prevention. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the status of secondary prevention in this population, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of secondary prevention. Results A total of 1 283 patients with ischemic stroke were included in the study, including 716 males and 567 females, aged 43-79. The proportion of patients with a course of disease of 1-5 years was high, accounting for 67.97%. The compliance of secondary prevention was 23.77%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis suggested that education level （OR=1.198）, living style （spouse/child living together OR=1.317）, other basic diseases （OR=1.960）, personal health literacy （OR=2.841）, and social support （OR=2.212） were influencing factors for secondary prevention compliance in patients with ischemic stroke. Conclusions The compliance of secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke needs to be improved. Depending on the influencing factors, attention should be paid to patients with low education, living alone, and complicated by other basic diseases. Targeted measures should be taken to improve their personal health literacy and social support, and promote improved secondary prevention compliance to facilitate the control of disease development and reduce recurrences.

Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with sepsis, and to provide a reference for effective intervention measures. Methods Patients with sepsis who received enteral nutrition at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as subjects. Medical staff monitored whether patients experienced feeding intolerance during enteral nutrition, and collected patients' basic information, disease status, and drug use. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the occurrence of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with sepsis. Results A total of 526 subjects were obtained, and with 218 cases of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance, the incidence rate was 41.44%. Most intolerances occurred within 3-4 days of enteral nutrition, accounting for 44.50%, and the duration of intolerance was mostly 1 day, accounting for 46.33%. The main manifestations were diarrhea （62.39%）, abdominal distension （40.83%）, and gastric retention （15.60%）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that blood glucose （OR=2.021）, serum albumin （OR=0.209）, use of sedatives/analgesics （OR=1.335）, use of acid suppressor （OR=1.530）, use of potassium preparations （OR=1.677）, use of probiotics （OR=0.640）, type of antibiotic use （OR=1.471）, and mechanical ventilation （OR=3.009） were the influencing factors of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with sepsis. Conclusions The incidence of enteral nutrition feeding intolerance in patients with sepsis is high, and the influencing factors are complex and diverse. Attention should be paid to the use of sedatives/analgesics, acid suppressor, potassium preparations, probiotics, antibiotics, and mechanical ventilation. Blood glucose and serum albumin should be monitored. Appropriate enteral nutrition catheterization and nutritional preparations should be selected according to individual conditions, and inspection and observation should be strengthened during enteral nutrition to prevent and reduce feeding intolerance.

Objective To learn the health literacy and its influence factors in Xinhui District, Jiangmen City, and to explore the mediating effect of health skills between knowledge and behavior, and to provide theoretical support for the improvement of health literacy. Methods A questionnaire survey on health literacy was carried out by using probability proportionate to size sampling of Xinhui District from 2017 to 2021. Chi-square test and Logistic regression were used for univariate and multivariate analysis, and Pearson correlation was employed to explore the relationship among knowledge, skills and behavior. Besides, the Bootstrap test was used to analyze the mediating effect. Results A total of 3 083 residents in Xinhui District were surveyed. The level of health literacy was 26.47%. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that the residents with education of college/bachelor degree or above （OR=2.089） and high school/vocational high school/technical secondary school （OR=1.721） were exhibited a significantly higher health literacy than primary school or below, and the medical staff （OR=5.373）, teachers （OR=4.421）, and workers （OR=1.319） were higher than farmer. There was a significant positive correlation among three aspects of health literacy （P<0.01）, and health skills played a part mediating role between basic knowledge and health behaviors, the mediating effect accounted for 27.94%. Conclusions The health literacy level is increasing year by year in Xinhui District, Jiangmen City. But the residents with low education and farmers still needed to be paid attention, and health literacy can be promoted by improving health skills.

Objective To investigate the effect of reproductive tract pathogen infection on maternal and infant outcomes in parturients with premature rupture of membranes, and to analyze the risk factors for infection, and thus to provide a reference for reducing reproductive tract pathogen infection. Methods Parturients who delivered after having premature rupture of membranes in Beijing Jishuitan Hospital between January 1, 2018 and December 31, 2021 were selected and divided into infected and non-infected groups based on whether they had a reproductive tract pathogen infection. Related data and laboratory test results were collected for both groups. Descriptive analysis method was used to compare the pregnancy outcomes and neonatal outcomes of the two groups, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection. Results A total of 1 926 parturients with premature rupture of membranes were included in the study, aged 20 - 47, with an average age of （32.48±5.21） years. There were 1 153 cases of reproductive tract pathogen infection, the infection rate was 59.87%, including 1 121 cases （58.20%） of Ureaplasma urealyticum infection, 455 cases （23.62%） of Candida infection, 351 cases （18.22%） of bacterial vaginosis, 241 cases （12.51%） of Trichomonas infection, 163 cases （8.46%） of Chlamydia trachomatis, and 494 cases （25.65%） of mixed infection. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=1.704）, abortion history （OR=2.252）, contraceptive method （OR=1.637）, and reproductive tract pathogen infection history （OR=2.462） were independent influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection in parturients with premature rupture of membranes. Conclusions The detection rate of reproductive tract pathogen infection is high in parturients with premature rupture of membranes, which can directly bring adverse effects on maternal and infant outcomes. Age, abortion history, contraceptive method, and reproductive tract pathogen infection history were the independent influencing factors of reproductive tract pathogen infection.