Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years in Cangzhou region, and to explore its influencing factors. Methods From September 2020 to September 2023, children aged 5-12 years and their guardians in Cangzhou region were selected by stratified cluster random sampling method. The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children was investigated by questionnaire, and the influencing factors of nocturnal enuresis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 3 054 valid questionnaires were collected, among which 181 children were diagnosed with nocturnal enuresis, and the prevalence rate was 5.93%. The consultation rate of 181 children with nocturnal enuresis was 17.68% （32/181）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender （OR=2.399）, age （OR=2.487,2.252）, family income （OR=1.398, 1.523）, number of children in the family （OR=1.303, 1.972）, family history of nocturnal enuresis （OR=1.456）, history of urinary tract infection （OR=3.546）, constipation （OR=2.268）, bladder dysfunction （OR=1.777）, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （OR=3.762）, sleep-related breathing disorder （OR=1.605）, and drinking water before bedtime （OR=2.881） were the influencing factors of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years. Conclusions The prevalence of nocturnal enuresis in children aged 5-12 years is high, and the consultation rate of children with nocturnal enuresis is low in this region. The disease is related to many factors such as age, gender, family income, and comorbidities. Publicity activities should be organized to carry out relevant public education, raise parents' attention to nocturnal enuresis, and advocate timely diagnosis and early treatment.

Key words: Children, Nocturnal enuresis, Prevalence rate, Influencing factor, Cross-sectional survey