Abstract: Objective To study the characteristics and immune factor levels of rheumatoid arthritis cases and their impact on prognosis. Methods Patients with rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed and treated in a hospital of Weihui City from January 1,2021 to December 31,2022 were selected for this study. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis cases. According to the 28 joint Disease Activity Score （DAS28）,the prognosis was evaluated at three months after discharge,and the prognostic factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results There were 1 031 patients with rheumatoid arthritis,with a male to female ratio of 0.67∶1. The highest proportion was found in the age group of 37 to 50 years old,accounting for 47.72%. Symmetric polyarthritis was predominant,accounting for 94.57%,and small joint involvement was predominant,accounting for 80.12%. The main manifestations were morning stiffness （86.42%,891/1 031）,joint pain and tenderness （88.94%,917/1 031）,and joint swelling （66.34%,684/1 031）. The DAS28 score showed that there were 328 patients （31.81%）with good prognosis and 703 patients （68.19%）with poor prognosis. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）,rheumatoid factor （RF）,and C-reactive protein （CRP）levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients with good prognosis were significantly lower than those with poor prognosis,and the differences were statistically significant （all P<0.01）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age （OR=1.790）,number of affected joints （OR=3.025）,use of glucocorticoids （OR=0.266）,ESR level （OR=1.270）,RF level （OR=2.208）,CRP level （OR=1.447）,coping strategies （avoidance OR=1.404,yielding OR=2.330）,and functional status （OR=1.132）were all prognostic factors for rheumatoid arthritis. Conclusions Rheumatoid arthritis cases have certain gender,age distribution characteristics,and pathogenesis characteristics,and the levels of ESR,RF and CRP are increased. The prognosis of patients is affected by multiple factors such as age,number of affected joints,the use of glucocorticoids,levels of ESR,RF,and CRP,coping strategies,and functional status. According to individual characteristics and by monitoring ESR,RF,and CRP levels,targeted interventions should be taken to control the development of the disease and improve the prognosis.

Key words: Rheumatoid arthritis, Case characteristics, Immune factor, Prognosis, Influencing factor