Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its influencing factors among adult residents in Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang City. Methods Based on the Handbook of Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey 2010, residents aged 18 years and over in Xinhua District, Shijia-zhuang City were selected by multistage cluster stratified random sampling fo investigation. Survey contents included questionnaire interview (family members' basic information, personal health status, etc.), physical examination (height, weight, waist circumstance, and blood pressure), and laboratory testing (fasting glucose, oral glucose tolerance test, impaired fasting glucose［IFG］, total cholesterol［TC］, triglyceride［TG］, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol［HDL-C］). Based on descriptive epidemiology analysis, univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze risk factors of type 2 diabetes. Results A total of 908 residents aged 18 years and over were selected from Xinhua District, including 392 males and 516 females. Participants aged 18-44, 45-59, and 60 years and over accounted for 38.88% (353/908), 31.83%(289/908), and 29.30% (266/908) of the all subjects, respectively. The overall prevalence of type 2 diabetes and prevalence of IFG were 13.22% (120/908) and 8.37% (76/908), respectively; accordingly, their standardized prevalence rates were 9.41% and 7.03%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that age rising (OR=3.198), central obesity (OR=2.798), and high TC (OR=1.617) were strongly associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Age rising (OR=1.411), higher BMI (OR=1.570), and hypertension (OR=2.364) were the risk factors for IFG (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of type 2 diabetes of residents aged 18 years and over was serious in Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang City. Age rising, central obesity, and high TC were risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes.