Abstract: Objective To explore manners and influencing factors of the floating population handling medical imperfection or negligence during the process of receiving medical services in Panyu District, Guangzhou City. Methods Subjects were selected by a stratified cluster sampling method from the floating population working in enterprises of Shilou Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, and having lived there over 6 months, for questionnaire investigation. Contents of the questionnaire included demographic characteristics, payment methods for medical expenses, views on hospital-patient relationship during the visit, manners of handling medical imperfection or negligence, compensation, etc. Descriptive epidemiology method were used to analyze demographic characteristics and manners of handling medical imperfection or negligence. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were applied to test eight factors (age, gender, educational background, marital status, length of residence, monthly income, payment methods for medical expenses, and views on hospital-patient relationship during the visiting) probably influencing manners of subjects handing medical imperfection or negligence. Results A total of 1 370 questionnaires were delivered and 1 324 valid ones were recovered, with a response rate of 96.64%. Of the participants, 687 were males and 637 were females, 97.2% (1 287/1 324) of them were aged 16 to 45 years, and 70.2% (930/1 324) had month income from 1 501 to 3 000 Yuan. If medical imperfection or negligence occurred, 43.8% (580/1 324) of respondents chose to be understandable, but want the hospital to apologize and provide a remission of medical expenses; 30.2% of them would actively seek justice by written complaints; for the compensation, 60.1% of them chose to refer to the compensation amount once claimed for the similar dispute in the same area, and 19.0% of them expected to waive all medical expenses. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the subjects aged 36-45 years (OR=1.81), paying medical fees at their own expenses (OR=1.92), monthly income at 1 501-3 000(OR=2.85) and 1 500 Yuan or below (OR=2.16), and considering the hospital-patient relationship to be consumer-service relationship (OR=1.94), or contractual relationship (OR=2.38) were risk factors of handling medical imperfection or negligence in extreme manners. Conclusion Most floating people in Panyu District, Guangzhou would take rational manner to handle medical imperfection or negligence, but some would tend to deal with it in an extreme manner. Medical practitioners should pay more attention to communicating with the floating people at middle age, self-paying medical fees, and low income to prevent medical disputes.