Abstract: Objective To explore the iron nutritional status and its influencing factors of pregnant women in Zhengzhou area. Methods From April to August 2021, pregnant women who established health records and underwent pregnancy physical examinations in three hospitals in Zhengzhou were selected as the research subjects to carry out questionnaires and iron nutritional status detection. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the iron nutritional status of pregnant women, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women. Results A total of 3 258 pregnant women participated in this study, including 989 cases in the early trimester, accounting for 30.36%, 1 125 cases in the mid trimester, accounting for 34.53%, and 1 144 cases in the late trimester, accounting for 35.11%. Among 3 258 pregnant women, a total of 773 cases were iron deficiency, and the detection rate was 23.73%. The results of multivariate analysis showed that age ≥35 years old （OR=2.726）, mid or late pregnancy （OR=3.037, 3.438）, age at menarche <13 years old （OR=2.432）, multiparous women （OR=3.493）, the number of miscarriages ≥3 times （OR=2.648）, the menstrual flow before pregnancy ≥100 mL/time （OR=2.420）, the education level of junior high school and above （OR=0.517, 0.459）, living in the countryside （OR=3.684）, the monthly family income>3 000 yuan and above （OR=0.601, 0.542）, decoration time of living house<1 year （OR=6.449）, suffering from digestive system diseases （OR=4.716）, and intake of nutritional supplements （OR=0.355） were influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women. Conclusion The detection rate of iron deficiency in pregnant women in Zhengzhou is relatively high. Targeted intervention is needed as soon as possible. Some factors are identified as the influencing factors of iron deficiency in pregnant women in this area, and some of them can be selectively intervened.

Key words: Pregnant woman, Iron element, Hematopoietic function, Pregnancy, Iron-deficiency anemia, Nutritional status