Abstract: Objective To analyze the results of allergen specific IgE （sIgE） detection and the characteristics of allergens in pediatric patients with respiratory allergic diseases in Beijing. Method A descriptive analysis was conducted on the characteristics and allergen status of children diagnosed with respiratory allergic diseases who underwent allergen sIgE testing from three hospitals in Beijing from October 2019 to September 2022. Results The positive rate of inhaled allergen sIgE was 36.00%, while the positive rate of food allergen sIgE was 22.00%, the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. The top five positive rates of inhaled allergen sIgE were house dust mites, dust mites, mugwort, cat fur shavings, and German cockroaches, with sIgE positive rates of 16.98%, 15.00%, 14.09%, 7.32%, and 6.41%. The top five positive rates of food allergen sIgE were chicken protein, milk, cod/lobster/scallop, Brazilian walnut, and shrimp, with sIgE positive rates of 7.00%, 6.68%, 5.28%, 2.71%, and 2.03%. Among inhaled allergens, except for mugwort, humulus, and house dust, there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of sIgE among children with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis with asthma （all P<0.01）. Among food allergens, except for cod/lobster/scallop, there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of sIgE among children with allergic rhinitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis with asthma （all P>0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of sIgE among the 19 allergens of different genders （all P>0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of sIgE among the 10 inhaled allergens among children of different age groups （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Except for cod/lobster/scallop in food allergens, there were no statistically significant differences in the positive rates of sIgE among children of different age groups （all P>0.05）. Compared the positive rates of allergen sIgE among different seasons, there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of inhaled allergens except for house dust （all P<0.01）, while there were statistically significant differences in the positive rates of Brazilian walnut and crab sIgE among food allergens （all P<0.01）. Conclusion The major allergens that are sIgE positive in children with respiratory allergic diseases in Beijing are house dust mites, dust mites, mugwort, cat fur shavings, and chicken protein, and the sIgE positive rates of allergens are significantly different among children with different respiratory allergic diseases and at different ages, but there are no significant differences in the sIgE positive rates of allergens between genders.

Key words: Children, Respiratory allergic disease, Inhaled allergen, Food allergen, Specific IgE