Abstract: Objective To screen the residents of Bengbu City for colorectal carcinoma and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of colorectal carcinoma in the area. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, the residents of Bengbu were screened by risk assessment questionnaire and fecal occult blood test from September 1 to December 31, 2020. The patients with positive preliminary screening results were further examined by colonoscopy. The preliminary screening results and colonoscopy results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the abnormal results of colonoscopy. Results In this study, a total of 2 552 residents of Bengbu were screened for colorectal carcinoma, aged 50 - 74 years, mainly 60 - 69 years old, accounting for 48.24%, the gender ratio of male to female was 1.07∶1, and urban residents accounted for 51.88% Six hundred and seventy-four cases were positive in preliminary screening, and the positive rate was 26.41%, of which 653 cases participated in colonoscopy, and the compliance of colonoscopy was 96.88% A total of 392 lesions were detected, and the abnormal rate was 60.03%, mainly colonic polyp （65.57%） Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the older the age （OR=2.252）, the male （OR=1.439）, the history of mucus and bloody stool （OR=6.197）, the history of chronic constipation （OR=4.162）, the history of chronic appendicitis （OR=3.931） and the history of smoking （OR=3.083）, the higher the risk of abnormal colonoscopy in Bengbu residents. Conclusion Among the residents of Bengbu City, the proportion of high-risk populations for colorectal carcinoma screening is relatively high, the compliance of colonoscopy is better, the detection rate of colonoscopy abnormalities is high, and the abnormalities are mainly colonic polyp. There are many factors affecting the abnormal rate of colonoscopy of local residents. It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of colorectal carcinoma, and mobilize high-risk population for colonoscopy, so as to achieve early detection, diagnosis and treatment.

Key words: Colorectal carcinoma screening, High-risk population, Compliance of colonoscopy, Colonic polyp