Objective To investigate the prevalence of obesity in children and adolescent aged 3-15 years in Henan Province and analyze its relationship with lifestyle. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select children and adolescent aged 3-15 years in 10 cities of Henan Province. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the obesity rate among children of different ages and genders. Univariate and multivariate methods were used to analyze the relationship between childhood and adolescent obesity and related life behaviors. Results A total of 12 481 children and adolescent aged 3-15 years participated in the survey. The average age of the children and adolescent was （7.92±3.15） years. Among them, 1 407 were obese, with an incidence rate of 11.3%, including 12.9% for boys and 9.5% for girls. For the children and adolescent aged 9-12 years, the prevalence of obesity in boys was significantly higher than in girls （P＜0.05）. Breakfast at home （OR＝0.745） and higher frequency of physical exercise （OR＝0.522） were the protective factors of childhood and adolescent obesity. Conclusions The prevalence of obesity in children and adolescent aged 3-15 years in Henan Province is high. Prevention and control should be carried out before puberty, and the lifestyle of breakfast at home and regular physical exercise should be encouraged.

Objective To categorize blood pressure management modes of hypertension patients based on the behavioral characteristics of uploading blood pressure data on the electronic monitoring platform, and to develop individual interventions for hypertension control. Methods Using the convenience sampling method, hypertension patients who had established hypertension archives were selected from 6 towns of Banfu, Henglan, Sanxiang, Minzong, Nantou, and Wuguishan in Zhongshan City, Guangdong Province. Patients were provided with a sphygmomanometer for free to measure and upload their daily blood pressure data to the electronic monitoring systems every day. K-means cluster analysis and correspondence analysis were used to group patients based on the behavioral characteristics of uploading these data. Results According to the blood pressure measurement and uploaded behavior characteristic information of 1 973 patients extracted from the electronic monitoring platform, the patients were divided into active group, negative group, caution group, difficult group, and refusal group, which indicated that patients in different groups possess their difficulties during the management for hypertension, and interventional strategies should be customized according to this sort of difference. Conclusion Classification of patients based on their blood pressure measurement and uploaded behavior characteristics can effectively identify the behavior patterns of various patients, and help to formulate personalized intervention strategies to improve the pertinence and effectiveness of follow-up interventions.

Objective To investigate the detection rate of the high stroke-risk individuals among middle-aged and elderly community residents, and analyze clustering characteristics of risk factors. Methods The cluster random sampling method was adopted to randomly select three districts in Xi'an （Baqiao District, Yanta District, and Weiyang District）, three communities in each district, a total of 9 communities, and to conduct questionnaire survey, physical survey, and physiological and biochemical indicators testing for permanent residents aged 40 and over in the area under their jurisdiction. According to the National High Stroke-Risk Individuals Screening and Intervention Program, the high-risk situation of stroke among the survey objects was evaluated, and the results were analyzed using descriptive analysis methods. Results A total of 18 312 residents completed the survey, including 8 483 males, accounting for 46.32%, and 9 829 females, accounting for 53.68%. The age range was 40-93 years old, of which 50-59 years old accounted for a high proportion, accounting for 30.13%. There were 3 325 residents with high stroke-risk, with a high-risk rate of 18.16%. There were significant differences in the detection rate of the high stroke-risk individuals among the middle-aged and elderly community residents of different genders and ages （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The first three of the eight risk factors detected in the high stroke-risk individuals were lack of sports （71.40%）, hypertension （70.86%）, and smoking （47.67%）, respectively. Among the 3 325 high stroke-risk individuals, 1 880 cases （56.54%） with three risk factors, 894 cases （26.89%） with four risk factors, 404 cases （12.15%） with five risk factors, and 147 cases （4.42%） with six or more risk factors. The clustering of risk factors in high stroke-risk individuals was significantly different in different genders and ages, and the clustering of risk factors in males and older people was significantly higher （P＜0.05）. Conclusions The high-risk rate of stroke among middle-aged and elderly community residents in Xi'an is high, and the clustering of multiple risk factors is serious. It is necessary to strengthen the education and intervention of residents' healthy lifestyles.

Objective To investigate the subhealth state and its influencing factors on medical staff in operating rooms in Henan Province, and to guide for improving the health level of medical staff in operating rooms in the region. Methods From August to October 2021, a convenient sampling method was used to select medical staff in operating rooms from 10 public hospitals in various prefecture-level cities and different levels in Henan Province as subjects to conduct a questionnaire survey on the subhealth state. The Sub-Health State Evaluation Questionnaire （SHSQ-25） was used to evaluate the subhealth state of medical staff in operating rooms. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of the subhealth state of medical staff in operating rooms. Results Finally, 892 medical staff in operating rooms became effective respondents, 467 cases showed a subhealth state, and the incidence of a subhealth state was 52.35%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR＝3.224）, body mass index （BMI） ≥28.0 kg/m2 （OR＝1.522 ）, holding a post （OR＝1.358）, night shift frequency （OR＝1.531）, weekly working time （OR＝1.157 ）, physical exercise （OR＝0.693）, sleep time （OR＝0.441）, social support （OR＝0.242 ）, and negative coping style （OR＝2.565） were the influencing factors of the subhealth state of medical staff in operating rooms. Conclusions Medical staff in operating rooms in Henan Province with a greater incidence of subhealth state, which is affected by age, BMI, hospital level, position, night shift frequency, weekly working time, physical exercise, sleep time, social support, and coping style. Targeted intervention measures should be formulated according to the above factors to improve the health level of medical staff in the operating rooms.

Objective To analyze the standardized management rate and compliance of blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） under supervision in Nanyang. Methods From June to December 2021, T2DM patients registered in community service centers in Nanyang City were recruited by the convenient sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted on the patients, and the management of the patients in the community service centers was collected. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the results, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of health management in T2DM patients. Results A total of 1 796 T2DM patients were enrolled, and 1 643 subjects were effective, with an effective rate of 91.48%. There were 852 males and 791 females. The age ranged from 35 to 78 years old, with a high proportion of 55 to 64 years old （33.35%）. The body mass index （BMI） was mainly 18.5-23.9 kg/m2, accounting for 57.33%. The disease duration was mainly 5 to 10 years, accounting for 48.20%. There were 810 cases that were managed in a standardized way, the standardized management rate was 49.30%, 839 cases reached the standard of blood glucose control, and the compliance rate was 51.07%. The compliance rate of blood glucose control in standardized patients was significantly higher than that of non-standardized patients （P＜0.01）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR＝3.672）, course of disease （OR＝0.463）, diabetes distress （OR＝0.244）, self-efficacy of diabetes management （ OR＝3.543）, and social support （OR＝2.161） were the influencing factors of standardized management in T2DM patients. Conclusions The standardized management rate of T2DM patients under supervision in Nanyang is less than half, and the compliance rate of blood glucose control in standardized patients is higher. Effective interventions can be taken to improve the standardized management rate of T2DM and promote the blood glucose control of patients.

Objective To investigate the compliance of behavior and blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）, and to provide a reference for blood glucose control and behavior intervention in T2DM patients. Methods From October 2020 to December 2021, the T2DM patients who were registered in a community service center cooperated with a tertiary hospital were selected. The basic data and behavioral compliance were obtained by questionnaire. The blood biochemical indexes of examination were used to evaluate the compliance of blood glucose control. The impact of behavioral compliance on blood glucose compliance in T2DM patients was analyzed. Results A total of 1 949 patients were included, 1 872 cases were effective, and the effective rate was 96.05%. There were 1 021 cases of blood glucose control that reached the standard, with a rate of 54.54%. There were statistically significant differences in compliance rates of blood glucose control among T2DM patients at different ages, educational levels, course of the disease, and other basic diseases （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The compliance rates of medication following the doctor's advice, diet control, meals on time, regular physical exercise, smoking cessation, alcohol withdrawal, sleep guarantee, and blood glucose monitoring were 64.37%, 52.67%, 58.49%, 49.79%, 82.43%, 78.69%, 76.87%, 48.13%, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR＝0.779）, educational level （OR＝2.257）, course of disease （OR＝0.689）, other basic diseases （OR＝0.483）, medication following the doctor's advice （OR＝3.543）, diet control （OR＝2.675）, meals on time （OR＝1.988）, regular physical exercise （OR＝2.054）, alcohol withdrawal （OR＝2.208）, and blood glucose monitoring （OR＝1.960） were the influencing factors of blood glucose control compliance in T2DM patients. Conclusions The behavioral compliance of T2DM patients need to be improved. In particular, compliance of medication following the doctor's advice, diet control, meals on time, regular physical exercise, alcohol withdrawal, and blood glucose monitoring are closely related to the compliance rate of blood glucose control. Targeted intervention measures should be strengthened to improve the behavioral compliance of patients and control the development of T2DM.

Objective To compare the life behavior and habits and gene polymorphism between young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke and healthy people. Methods A total of 617 young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke admitted to a hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as the case group, and 617 healthy people who underwent physical examination in the same hospital were selected as the healthy control group according to the ratio of gender and age of 1∶1. The differences in life behavior and habits and gene polymorphism between young and middle-aged patients with ischemic stroke and healthy people were compared. The life behavior and habits included weight control, smoking, drinking, sleep duration, physical exercise, and dietary health. The gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR） and molecular hybridization for fibrinogen （FGB） G （-455） A, endothelial cell-leukocyte adhesion molecule （ELAM） ser128arg, cell adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM1） gly214arg, tumor necrosis factor α （TNFα） G （-308） A, and tumor necrosis factor β （TNFβ） thr26asn. Results In the case group, there were 396 males and 221 females, the age was 37-64 years old. In the healthy control group, there were 396 males and 221 females, the age was 37-64 years old. There were no significant differences in gender distribution, mean age, diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure between the two groups （all P > 0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in weight control, smoking, drinking, sleep duration, physical exercise, and dietary health between the two groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. There was no significant difference in the allele frequencies of FGB G （-455） A, ELAM ser128arg, ICAM1 gly214arg, TNFαG （-308） A, and TNFβ thr26asn between the two groups （ all P > 0.05）. There was no significant difference in the genotype frequencies of FGB G （-455） A, ELAM ser128arg, ICAM1 gly214arg, and TNFαG （-308） A between the two groups （all P＞0.05）, while the difference in the genotype frequency of TNFβ thr26asn was statistically significant （P＜0.05）. Conclusions Young and middle-aged ischemic stroke have genetic factors, which may be related to TNFβ thr26asn polymorphism. It is beneficial to the prevention and control of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged people to seek genetic etiology evidence and establish good living habits, such as weight control, quitting smoking and alcohol restriction, ensuring adequate sleep, adhering to physical exercise, and a healthy diet.

Objective To investigate the compliance of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） to establish a healthy lifestyle, and to provide a reference for controlling blood glucose levels and promoting blood glucose compliance. Methods T2DM patients aged 45 and over who were diagnosed and treated in a hospital in Nanjing from May 2021 to February 2022 were taken as the objects to monitor compliance with a healthy lifestyle and blood glucose control. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the compliance of healthy lifestyle and blood glucose control of T2DM patients, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the impact of a healthy lifestyle on blood glucose control. Results A total of 1 195 valid objects were included, including 673 males and 522 females. The age ranged from 45 to 76 years old, with a high proportion of 55 to 64 years old （591 cases, 49.46%）. The course of the disease ranged from 6 months to 19 years, with a high proportion of 5 to 9 years （617 cases, 51.63%）. The compliance with a reasonable diet, physical exercise, getting enough sleep, smoking cessation, alcohol restriction, and blood glucose monitoring were 40.75%, 43.43%, 75.65%, 83.01%, 72.13%, and 51.97%, respectively. There were 406 cases that reached the standard of blood glucose, with a compliance rate of 33.97%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that compliance with reasonable diet （OR＝2.866）, physical exercise （OR＝2.085）, getting enough sleep （OR＝1.982）, alcohol restriction （OR＝1.754）, and blood glucose monitoring （OR＝2.547） were the influencing factors for reaching the standard of blood glucose. Conclusions Compliance with a healthy lifestyle in T2DM patients aged 45 and over is closely related to blood glucose compliance rate. Targeted interventions can be taken according to individual characteristics to help them establish a healthy lifestyle and improve compliance, promote blood glucose compliance and improve the quality of life of T2DM patients.

Objective To investigate the compliance of screening among high-risk individuals of liver cancer ≥ 40 years old in Xi'an, and explore its influencing factors. Methods The residents ≥ 40 years old and living in Xi'an for ≥ 3 years were selected by convenient sampling method to participate in the evaluation of high risk for liver cancer, and the residents who were assessed as high risk of liver cancer were tested for blood alpha-fetoprotein and abdominal ultrasound, and the results of screening, compliance with screening, and its influencing factors were analyzed by descriptive analysis method and multivariate analysis method. Results In this study, 36 187 residents in Xi'an City were screened for high risk of liver cancer, of which 6 514 residents were assessed as high risk of liver cancer, and the high-risk rate was 18.00%. Among them, the proportion of male high-risk persons was higher than that of females, 99.08% were Han nationality, 96.65% were married, and the risk of liver cancer was higher in people ≥ 60 years old, most of whom had junior high school education or above, 88.12% had a body mass index （BMI） value of 18.5-27.9 kg/m2, 58.40% had a history of smoking, 43.71% had a habit of drinking, 44.00% had a family history of tumor, 71.17% had a history of chronic hepatitis C, and 97.19% had a history of chronic hepatitis B. Among 6 514 high-risk individuals of liver cancer, 3 192 cases participated in liver cancer screening, and the compliance of screening was 49.00%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR＝0.444）, BMI （OR＝0.694,0.820）, smoking （OR＝1.177）, alcohol consumption （OR＝1.178）, chronic hepatitis B （OR＝1.266）, family history of tumor （OR＝1.579）, occupation （OR＝4.204）, times of exercise （OR＝0.774）, average monthly household income （OR＝1.790）, and regular examination （OR＝2.542） were the influencing factors of screening compliance. Conclusions The screening compliance of high-risk individuals of liver cancer in Xi'an is generally low, and many important factors affect screening compliance. We can further improve the screening mechanism and improve the screening efficiency by strengthening health education and strengthening communication between doctors, nurses, and patients.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD） in overweight and obese persons. Methods Overweight and obese people who completed a physical examination in a hospital in Xi'an in 2021 were selected. Their basic information, physiological and biochemical information, and diagnosis results of abdominal color doppler ultrasonography were collected. The descriptive method was used to analyze the prevalence of NAFLD in overweight and obese persons, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of NAFLD. Results A total of 6 351 overweight and obese persons were obtained from 12 964 physical examiners, including 3 325 males （52.35%） and 3 026 females （47.65%）. The age was 33-76 years old, and the proportion of 60-76 years old was higher, accounting for 37.40%. A total of 1 222 cases were diagnosed as NAFLD, with a prevalence rate of 19.24%. Among them, 365 cases were mild （29.87%）, 778 cases were moderate （63.67%）, and 79 cases were severe （6.46%）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that males （OR＝2.807）, aged 44 and over （OR＝3.684, 4.158）, obesity （OR＝2.177）, abnormally high SBP （OR＝4.745）, abnormal waist circumference （OR＝3.102）, abnormal ALT （OR＝2.740）, abnormal AST （OR＝2.726）, abnormal GGT （OR＝2.373）, abnormal FBG （OR＝3.684）, abnormal UA （OR＝3.096）, abnormal TG （OR＝3.490）, abnormal TC （OR＝3.819）, abnormal LDL-C （OR＝3.647）and abnormal HDL-C（OR＝2.807） were risk factors of NAFLD in overweight and obese persons. Conclusions The prevalence of NAFLD in overweight and obese persons in a physical examination population is high, so targeted intervention is needed as soon as possible. Some factors are identified as the influencing factors of NAFLD in this population, which is helpful to guide the implementation of the intervention.