Abstract: Objective To explore the status of safe medication behavior among residents in Shenzhen and its influencing factors, and provide references for formulating targeted community intervention measures for safe medication of residents. Methods The stratified cluster random sampling method and convenience sampling method were combined to conduct online and offline questionnaire survey on safe medication behavior among permanent residents in 10 administrative districts of Shenzhen. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze residents' safe medication behavior, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of residents' safe medication behavior. Results A total of 12 459 valid questionnaires were collected, and 4 019 （32.26%） of them had safe medication behavior. However, 71.86% of them missed medication/did not take medication on time for various factors during the medication, and 49.65% of them increased, reduced, or stopped medication according to their own feelings after medication. The incidence rate of not paying attention to the time interval of drug administration was 46.05%. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that residents who were female （OR=1.15）, had completed junior high school （OR=1.66）, senior high school/vocational school/technical secondary school education （OR=1.61）, worked in companies （OR=1.33）, were medical staff （OR=2.83）, teachers （OR=1.75）, or students （OR=1.63）, with a per capita monthly household income of ≥8 001 yuan （OR=1.21）, living in Shenzhen for ≥5 years （OR=1.40）, and with good cognitive literacy of medication safety （OR=1.80） had a high probability of good safe medication behavior; unmarried residents （OR=0.70） were less likely to have good safe medication behavior. Conclusion There are some unsafe medication behaviors among Shenzhen residents, and gender, education background, marital status, occupation, per capita monthly household income, length of residence in Shenzhen, and good cognitive literacy of rational medication are the influencing factors.

Key words: Safe medication, Health literacy, Influencing factor, Community, Resident