ObjectiveTo understand the current status of men who have sex with men (MSM), and analyze factors influencing multiple sexual partners in MSM.MethodsA snowball sampling method was used to recruit the MSM at a fixed place in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province. Questionnaire survey and serological test were conducted among the subjects. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze influencing factors among multiple sexual partners in MSM.ResultsA total of 1 271 MSM were investigated, with a median age of 24 years. Of the participants, 177 (13.9%) had educational level at junior high school and below and 1 094 (86.1%) at high school and above, and 1 041 (81.9%) were unmarried. In the past 6 months, 88.2% of the subjects had male anal intercourse, 1.3% had commercial sex behaviors, and 8.6% had heterosexual behaviors; 92.9% used condoms during anal sex in the last time and 82.7%, each time in the recent 6 months. In the recent 6 months, the median of anal sex was 2 times, and 24.2% of MSM had multiple sexual partners. Main access to seeking sexual partners was based on the internet, accounting for 72.5% of the participants. In the multiple logistic regression model, the possibility of having multiple sex partners for subjects with educational level at high school and above was 0.539 times of that for those at junior high school and below, for subjects with 5 to 9, and more than 10 local MSM friends was 2.224 and 3.231 times of that for those with less than 5 MSM friends, for subjects entering MSM circle for more than 1 year was 2.279 times of that for those below 1 year, for subjects with stress was 2.422 times of that for those without stress, for subjects having anal sex twice a week and more than three times a week was 1.931 and 3.231 times of that for those having anal sex once a week respectively, and for subjects with HIV infection was 1.938 times of that for those without HIV infection (P<0.05 or P<0.01).ConclusionVarious types of sexual partner coexist among MSM and the main access to seeking sexual partners was the internet. Educational levels, social network activity, the time of entering the MSM circle and stress perceived, and HIV infection were associated with the multiple sexual partners.

ObjectiveTo study the HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness, behaviors and associated factors among secondary vocational school students in Guangdong Province so as to provide health education and behavior intervention programs on HIV/AIDS.MethodsIn 2007, 2010, and 2013, multi-stage cluster sampling was used to enroll all the students from the selected classes in each grade of the selected schools from the 21 prefectures in Guangdong Province, separately. A questionnaire survey was conducted among all the enrolled students to collect information on general demographic information, related knowledge and behaviors on HIV/AIDS. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors associated with having sex experience.ResultsThe awareness rates of the HIV/AIDS knowledge were 28.2% (1 616/5 723), 26.8% (1 349/5 034) and 21.5% (1 232/5 726) in 2007, 2010 and 2013, respectively. The proportions of binge drink in the past three years were 15.2%(870/5 723), 19.4%(976/5 034), and 18.1%(1 039/5 726), respectively. The proportions of drug use in the past three years were 3.3% (187/5 723), 1.9% (95/5 034), and 1.4% (82/5 726), respectively. The proportions of sex behaviors in the past three years were 8.4%(480/5 723), 7.3% (368/5 034), and 7.5% (429/5 726), respectively. The significant risk factors associated with having sex experience were drug use (OR=7.92), reading pornography (OR=3.80), binge drink (OR=2.66), mother's education level at junior college or above (OR=1.69), male (OR=1.41), senior grade (OR=1.25) and knowing HIV/AIDS related knowledge (OR=1.22). Accommodation at school (OR=0.76) and self evaluation of higher school performance scores（OR=0.62）were protective factors for having sexual experience.ConclusionThe secondary vocational school students in Guangdong Province had low awareness rate of the HIV/AIDS knowledge and high prevalence of HIV/AIDS related behaviors. Health education and targeted behavioral intervention programs on HIV/AIDS should be strengthened.

ObjectiveTo analyze current status of HIV/AIDS-related sexual behaviors and influencing factors among migrant population in Baoan District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide evidence for HIV/AIDS related behavioral intervention.MethodsUsing random cluster sampling method and anonymous questionnaire survey, data of behavior characteristics of migrant population were collected and analyzed. Logistic regression models were conducted to analyze the prevalence of HIV/AIDS-related risk behaviors and influencing factors.ResultsA total of 3 265 persons were surveyed, 81.1% (2 648/3 265) of them were aged from 20 and 40 years, and 59.5% (1 944/3 265) were married. Of the respondents,2 830 had experienced sexual behaviors, of whom 58.8% (663/2 830) had multiple sexual partners in the past six months, 36.6% (962/2 625) of them used condom when they had sexual behaviors. Of those who had experienced sexual behaviors, 5.6% (159/2 830) reported that they had commercial sexual behaviors, but only 37.7% (60/159) used condoms each time when they had commercial sexual behaviors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the participants aged <20, 20-30, and 31-40 years compared with those aged over 40 years (OR= 0.21, 0.40, 0.55), and those without commercial sexual behavior compared with those who had commercial sex (OR= 0.31) were less likely to have multiple sexual partners. The participants aged 20-30years compared with those aged over 40 years (OR=1.52), those who knew HIV/AIDS knowledge compared with those who had no such knowledge (OR= 1.37) were more likely to use condoms during sex. The first sexual intercourse after marriage compared with sexual behavior before marriage (OR= 0.75), those with junior high school,high school or secondary school level compared with those with the educational level at college or above (OR= 0.51,0.74), the females compared with the males (OR= 0.82) were less likely to use condoms during sex.ConclusionThe current situation of HIV/AIDS-related behavior such as more sexual partners and low rate of condom use among migrant population was widespread. Intervention measures should be strengthened according to the influencing factors, including promoting the condom use.

ObjectiveTo understand possible factors influencing infection of acute hepatitis B(AHB) in Guangdong Province so as to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of it.MethodsA 1∶1 matched case-control study was conducted．Patients with newly diagnosed AHB in 6 hepatitis B (HB)surveillance sites in Guangdong Province were selected as the case group and individuals matched by the same gender,age (±1 year),and with both negative HBsAg and anti-HBs were selected as the controls.Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire about their histories of liver disease, blood transfusion/donation within 6 months,iatrogenic exposure,immunization, and life contact.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the data.ResultsFrom January 2013 to August 2015, 213 cases of AHB were reported by six surveillance sites in Guangdong Province.A total of 123 cases-control pairs (90 male pairs and 33 female pairs) were included in the final analysis.The average age was (42.02±18.11) years for the cases and (42.46±17.98) years for the controls.Age structures between the two groups were consistent (P>0.05) .Multivariate logistic regression showed that history of HB vaccination (OR:0.013，95%CI: 0.001-0.169) was a protective factor for AHB,while liver disease history(OR:152.144,95%CI:11.473-2 017.590),patients with HB or HB carriers in the family (dormitory) (OR:5.182,95%CI:1.073-25.033)and muscle/intravenous injection(OR:21.097,95%CI:3.407-130.656) were risk factors for AHB.ConclusionHB vaccination was a protective factor for AHB.Liver disease history,HB patients or carriers in the family (dormitory),and muscle/intravenous injection were risk factors.High-risk groups should be vaccinated with HB vaccines as soon as possible.

ObjectiveTo estimate the excess numbers of influenza-associated influenza-like illness (ILI) cases in Guangzhou City during 2011 to 2016.MethodsILI and influenza reported cases data were obtained from “Public health emergency surveillance and early warning system” and “Infectious disease report information management system”. The correlation between the ILI and influenza cases were analyzed. The excess numbers of influenza-associated ILI cases were estimated by Serfling regression model.ResultsA total of 57 642 influenza cases and 2 242 332 ILI cases were reported by 19 sentinel hospitalsduring 2011 to 2016. A positive correlation was observed between ILI and influenza cases(r=0.57, P<0.01). In the Serflingreg ression model, there were 84 epidemic weeks in 282 weeks, and 322 509 (95%CI: 204 346~440 672) excess influenza-associated ILI cases were estimated. The excess numbers of influenza-associated ILI cases were 37 197 (95%CI: 14 547 - 59 846), 52 432 (95%CI: 29 980 -74 885), 21 846 (95%CI: 9 244 - 34 448), 74 880 (95%CI: 46 867 - 102 893), 75 138 (95%CI: 59 705 - 90 570), and 61 016 (95%CI: 44 003 - 78 030) in each year,accounting for 10.88% (95%CI: 4.26% - 17.51%), 13.31% (95%CI: 7.61% - 19.01%), 5.87% (95%CI: 2.49% - 9.26%), 17.35% (95%CI: 10.86% - 23.84%), 16.56% (95%CI: 13.16% - 19.96%), 24.47% (95%CI: 17.65% - 31.30%) of all ILI cases over the same period of different years, respectively. The excess rates were 13.23% and 19.63% in groups aged <15 years and aged ≥15 years, respectively.ConclusionInfluenza epidemics can cause tens of thousands of excess ILI cases every year in Guangzhou City during 2011-2016.The excess rate was higher in people aged ≥15 years, which can lead to a heavy disease burden.

ObjectiveTo explore the application of curvilinear estimation in the prediction of influenza incidence and evaluate the forecast effect, so as to provide a theoretical basis for prevention of influenza.MethodsMoving average method was applied to establish a database of the monthly incidence of influenza from 2010 to 2014 in Anhui Province, curve estimation was used to conduct the model fitting and merge the best model on data of cases in 2015 to assess the fitting effect.ResultsTotal of 38 523 influenza cases were reported by medical institutions and centers for disease control and prevention at all levels in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2015, with annual incidence rates ranging from 4.35 to 18.58 per 100 000.The differences of annual incidence rates were statistically significant (P＜0.01). The most cases were concentrated in December and January to March,accounting for 47.14% (18 160/38 523) of the total cases. A small peak in incidence of influenza was observed in August, accounting for8.58% (3 306/38 523)of the total cases. Model fitting result showed that the cases in April to July, and September fitted for cubic curve model; January, August, and October fitted for quadratic curve model; November and December fitted for linear curve model; February fitted for S curve model; March fitted for power curve model. Model prediction showed that there were 11 938 cases of influenza in 2015, and the actual reported cases were 11 300, with a prediction error rate of 5.34%.ConclusionCurvilinear estimation can be used as a relatively reliableapproach for predicting the incidence of influenza.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Prunella vulgaris L.on the proliferation of different pathological types of thyroid cancer cells, and to screen the most sensitive thyroid cancer cell lines to Prunella vulgaris L.MethodsMTT colorimetrie assay was used to determine the effects of Prunella vulgaris L. at levels of 2.00, 5.00, 10.00, 20.00, 40.00, 80.00, 160.00, and 200.00 mg/mL for 24 h on proliferation of human normal thyroid follicular epithelial cells（HUM-CELL 0097), papillary thyroid cancer cell（K1）, and medullary thyroid cancer cell（TT）, 5.42, 10.84, 21.75, 43.44, 86.88, and 173.75 mg/mL for follicular thyroid carcinoma cells (FTC-133), and 1.56, 3.13, 6.25, 12.00, 25.00, 50.00, 100.00, and 200.00 mg/mL for thyroid squamous cell carcinoma cells (SW579), separately.ResultsThe half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50)of Prunella vulgaris L. to HUM-CELL 0097, K1, TT, FTC-133，and SW579 for 24 h were 12.91,2.43,3.44, 6.95, and 31.15 mg/mL, respectively.The highest inhibitory concentrations were 20.00,80.00, 40.00, 86.88, and 100.00 mg/mL respectively.ConclusionPrunella vulgaris L. has different degrees of inhibiting proliferation to different pathological types of thyroid cancer cells. The papillary thyroid cancer cell K1 was the most sensitive to Prunella vulgaris L.among the five cell lines.