ObjectiveTo understand the current status of stress perception in MSM and analyze the influencing factors.MethodsFrom March to October 2015, men who have sex with men (MSM) in Mianyang City, Sichuan Province was recruited by snowball sampling method for questionnaire survey and serological detection. The survey contents included demographic characteristics, HIV/AIDS knowledge, preventive services, stress perception, stress source, sexual partners, and sexual behaviors. Single factor analysis of influencing factors was conducted using chi-square test and multi-factors were identified by multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 1 209 MSM were investigated, of whom 47.8% had stress perception. Of the stress sources, 38.4% (270/703) from interpersonal relationship, 34.1% (240/703) from financial condition, 33.0% (232/703) from the family, 28.4% (200/703)were from work, 26.2% (184/703) from health, 14.8% (104/703) from the sexual orientation,and 7.5%（53/703）from adaption. Of all the subjects, 65.4%(460/703) would actively deal with the stress, 31.9%(224/703) would seek social support, 9.5% (67/703) escape the negative impact of stress, 3.1% (22/703) passively wait, and 0.7% (5/703) take aggressive behavior. HIV infection rates were 4.0% (25/631) for those without stress perception and 8.3% (48/578) for those with it (P<0.01). The result of multi-factor analysis showed that the educational level, marital status, HIV/AIDS knowledge, looking for partner site, the number of anal sex in the last six months, the number of anal sex in the last one week, anal sex with or without protection in the last six months, and HIV infection were independent factors of stress perception (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01) .ConclusionThe stress perception of MSM in Mianyang was associated with the educational level, marital status, and HIV/AIDS high-risk behavior. Full attention should be paid to the negative effects of stress perception of the MSM and a lower stress social environment should be created actively to reduce the stress.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between the quality of life, demographic characteristics, mental health and social support of AIDS patients.MethodsPatients diagnosed with HIV infection and receiving the antiretroviral therapy (ART) were recruited from January 2011 to August 2016 in Baoji City CDC using random sampling method. Participants were interviewed using the WHO quality of life scale (WHOQOL-HLV-BREF), AIDS symptom checklist (SCL-90) and social support rating scale (SSRS).ResultsA total of 48 patients aged from 19 - 61 years were investigated. Of all the participants, 77.08% (37/48) were males, 64.58% (31/48) were aged 31 - 50 years, 47.92% (23/48 were peasants and 31.25% (15/48) were workers, 68.75% (33/48) were married, 85.42% (41/48) had the educational level at high school (secondary school) or below, 45.83% (22 /48) had the average monthly income between 2 000 and 3 499 Yuan, and 47.92% (23/48) received ART less than 3 years. The total score of social support for the respondents was (23.93±1.81), and the detection rates of depression, anxiety, and psychotic disorders were 68.75%, 52.08%, and 35.42%, respectively. The score of psychotic factors were negatively correlated with quality of life (P< 0.05 or P＜0.01), and the scores of interpersonal sensitive,hostility and phobia factors were negatively correlated with the psychological domain of the quality of life (P<0.05 or P＜0.01). The scores of objective support and social support were positively correlated with the quality of life (psychology, spirit and total score) (P<0.05 or P＜0.01). ConclusionThe quality of life of patients with AIDS was closely related to their psychological health and social support. Pertinent measures should be taken to eliminate the mental problems of AIDS patients and strengthen various social support for the improvement of their quality of life.

ObjectiveTo analyze epidemiological characteristics of causes of death among residents living in Beihai City. MethodsDeath data of residents in the national death cause surveillance sites in Beihai were collected from the Population Death Registration and Management System in China Information System for Disease Prevention and Control during 2014 to 2015. The epidemiological characteristics of death were determined by use of indicators of mortality, constituent ratio, rank of death causes, average potential years of life lost (PYLL).ResultsA total of 15 123 deaths were reported in 2 517 109 residents cumulatively monitored in two surveillance sites from 2014 to 2015, with an average annual mortality rate of 600.81 per 100 000 and a standardized mortality rate of 538.76 per 100 000. The top five leading causes of death were malignant tumor,respiratory system disease, cerebrovascular disease, cardiac disease, injury and poisoning, accounting for 89.50% of the total deaths. The leading causes of death were perinatal diseases for the group aged 0-4 years (24.52%), injury for the group aged 5-14 years (52.43%), poisoning for the group aged 15-44 years ( 38.31%) , malignant tumor for the group aged 45-59 years (52.10%), and respiratory system diseases for the group aged 60 years and over (26.04%). The average PYLL were 4.10 years for respiratory system diseases, 3.88 years for malignant tumor, 3.11 years for cerebrovascular disease, 2.35 years for cardiac disease , and 1.30 years for injury and poisoning.ConclusionChronic diseases were the leading causes of death of residents in Beihai and corresponding prevent and control measures should be taken to improve the health level and life expectancy of the residents．

ObjectiveTo explore the prevalence and influencing factors of prehypertension among residents aged 18 years and over in Zhaoqing City, so as to provide the evidence to make preventive and control measurements for prehypertension.MethodsMultistage random sampling was used to selected residents aged 18 years and over from eight counties of Zhaoqing. Questionnaire survey, physical examinations and blood biochemical test were conducted to collect the information of prehypertension. Survey contents included basic information, smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid. Univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors associated with prehypertension.ResultsA total of 3 269 participants were included in the study, including 1 244 (38.05%) males and 2 025 (61.95%) females; 1 131 participants (34.60%) were from urban area and 2 138 (65.40%) were from rural area. The crude prevalence of prehypertension was 37.17% and age-standardized prevalence was 36.99%. The age-standardized prevalence of prehypertension in rural area (41.03%) was higher than that in urban area (30.34%) (P＜0.01), and in males (44.49%) was higher than that in females (31.44%) (P＜0.01). Multi-logistic regression indicated that the male (OR=1.979), 40-49 years age group (OR=2.084), 50-59 years age group (OR=3.211), 60-69 years age group (OR=4.471), 70 years and over age group (OR=3.793), rural area (OR=1.710), central obesity (OR=1.274), and overweight/obesity (OR=1.476) were risk factors associated with prehypertension. Constant exercise (OR=0.762) was protective factors for prehypertension.ConclusionThe prevalence of prehypertension was high in the adults in Zhaoqing. Corresponding measures should be taken for prevention and control of prehypertension.

ObjectiveTo investigate milk and dairy products intake of residents in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou and determine the influencing factors of their consumption, so as to provide baseline data for health education and intervention on nutrition and diet.MethodsUsing stratified random cluster sampling and convenient sampling method, residents in Yuexiu District and consumers in entertainment places were selected for questionnaire survey.The survey contents included general information of the individuals, and types, frequency，and average amount of the intake of milk and dairy products in the past one month. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on the survey and the data were analyzed using multiple logistic regressions.ResultsTotal of 985 residents in the households and consumers in entertainment places were investigated, including 453 males (46.0%) and 532 females (54.0%).Of the participants, 26.6% were aged 30- 44 years, 98.4% were Han nationality, and 22.4% had per capita annual income of 40 000 Yuan or more.The intake rate of milk and dairy products was 71.1% (700/985).In the multiple logistic regression model, the female（OR=2.027）and the group with per capita annual income of above 40 000 Yuan(OR=2.019) were more likely to take the milk and dairy products, while groups aged 15-29 years(OR=0.302),30-44 years（OR=0.217）,45-59 years（OR=0.160） and 60-69 years（OR=0.097）were less likely to take the milk and dairy products. Of those who took milk and dairy products,49.0% had an intake frequency of 6 times or more a week and 82.4% had daily intake of milk and dairy products less than 300 g.ConclusionThe overall intake rate of milk and dairy products was high but low in the elderly in urban residents of Yuexiu District.The nutrition education of the milk and dairy products should be strengthened for the residents to improve their diet habits.

ObjectiveTo construct a comprehensive evaluation index system of food safety status and to provide a basic scientific method for rapid assessment of food safety in Guangdong Province.MethodsDelphi method was used with two rounds of expert consultation to screen and establish comprehensive indexes for evaluating food safety status. Weight coefficient of the indexes was computed by Fussy comprehensive evaluation method.ResultsNineteen experts conducted the first round of expert consultation survey. They were engaged in food safety related work for (19.1±7.0) years, 12 of them (63.2%) with senior or associate-senior professional titles. There were 18 experts in the second round, who were engaged in food safety related work for (18.9±7.8) years and 13 of whom (72.2%) had senior or associate-senior professional titles. The recovery rates were 73.1% for the first round and 94.7% for the second one.The expert judgment based on the average score was 0.925, the familiarity was 0.805, and the degree of the expert authority was 0.865.After two rounds of expert consultations, index system of food safety evaluation in Guangdong Province was established, including 5 first-level indicators and 17 second-level ones. The five first-level indicators were the Government investment in management,Food safety status,Relevant enterprise quality,Publicity andeducation, and Public satisfaction. The weight coefficients were between 0.190 and 0.209 for the five first-level indicators and between 0.024 and 0.200 for the 17 second-level ones.ConclusionThe food safety indicator system established in the study was well performed in the coordination degree of the expert opinion, the expert authority, and expert enthusiasm, and could be applied for the comprehensive evaluation of food safety in Guangdong Province.

ObjectiveTo explore clues to teratogenic factors of birth defects using flexible spatial scan statistic, so as to provide a new method for identifying teratogenic factors and reference for strengthening the comprehensive prevention and control measures of birth defects.MethodsData of birth defects in 2014 were derived from the Birth Defects Surveillance System in Guangdong Province (BDSSGP). Data of population density, industrial enterprises, waste gas emissions and waste water emissions were extracted from Guangdong Statistical Yearbook 2015. Spatial correlation and hot spot detection method of flexible spatial scan were used to observe the spatial clustering characters of birth defects and determine the relationship between society-economic indexes and birth defects.ResultsA total of 7 638 cases of birth defects were observed among 244 363 cases of perinatal infants reported in BDSSGP in 2014, with an incidence rate of 31.26 per thousand. The incidence of birth defects in males was 34.11‰, higher than that in females (27.69‰), and in urban area was 32.92‰, higher than that in rural area (29.82‰). The incidence rates of birth defects in puerperants aged less than 20 years and 35 years or above were higher than those in other age groups. The incidence rates of birth defects varied greatly in prefecture-level cities (P < 0.01). Flexible spatial scan analysis showed that the spatial distribution of birth defects in the whole province was clustered (P<0.05). Seven cities of Shenzhen, Dongguan, Zhuhai, Zhongshan, Foshan, Guangzhou, and Jieyang were highly clustered, with the RR values ranging from 1.14 to 2.53, while the rest of the 14 cities were not clustered. The population density, number of industrial enterprises, total amount of emission for industrial waste gases, total amount of industrial waste water discharge in clustered area were higher than those in non-clustered one (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThe incidence of birth defects was high in some area with obvious spatial distribution in Guangdong Province. The correlation between birth defects and socio-economic factors should be further researched in clustered area.

ObjectiveTo verify the difference of serum miR-21 levels between patients with melanoma and healthy persons, clarify its role in the apoptosis of melanoma cells, and explore the potential targets for melanoma therapy.MethodsSera were collected from patients with melanoma and healthy control to extract microRNAs. RT-PCR was used to quantify the relative serum level of miR-21. The target gene programmed cell death-4 (PDCD4) was also analyzed as the potential target of miR-21 by ELISA. The miR-21 inhibitory melanoma cells was constructed and its effect on PDCD4 expression was identified. The effect of miR-21 on apoptosis was analyzed by flow-cytometric assay.ResultsCompared with the negative control, the level of miR-21 in sera of melanoma patients was up-regulated (4.62±2.42) and its potential target PDCD4 was down-regulated (0.36±0.21) (both P<0.01). As the expression of miR-21 was inhibited in melanoma cells, the expressions of PDCD4 in A-375 and SK-MEL-1 cells were (1.69±0.39) and (2.20±1.06) times of the negative control group respectively, and the cell apoptosis was increased in miR-21 over expressed melanoma cells compared with negative control (A-375: 2.82±0.24, SK-MEL-1: 2.26±0.23) through target PDCD4 (P<0.01).ConclusionmiR-21 was increased in patients with melanoma and might inhibit tumor cell apoptosis by inducing down-regulation of PDCD4 in melanoma cells, suggesting that miR-21 may be a potential target in melanoma therapy.