Objective To analyze the prevalence of coronary heart disease （CHD） in high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Tangshan area and its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for further prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Methods From June 2020 to May 2021, the high-risk population of cardiovascular disease who completed the health examination in the physical examination center of a hospital in Tangshan City and screened according to the standard of high-risk population of cardiovascular disease were selected as the research objects to carry out the supplementary items related to CHD. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of CHD in high-risk population of cardiovascular disease were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 3 870 high-risk population of cardiovascular disease were included, of which 55.45% were males. Aged 40 - 78 years, with an average of （61.79 ± 8.10） years; body mass index （BMI） was 16.9 - 28.4 kg/m², with an average of （23.15 ± 2.36） kg/m²; 274 cases had a family history of CHD. Four hundred and six cases of CHD were detected, and the prevalence rate was 10.49%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.079）, BMI （24.0-27.9 kg/m²： OR=1.754, ≥28.0 kg/m²： OR=2.675）, family history of CHD （OR=4.882）, hypertension （OR=2.812）, diabetes （OR=2.323）, drinking （OR=1.990）, shortage of physical activity （OR=1.245）, sleep time<6 h/d（OR=2.462）were the influencing factors of CHD in high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Tangshan area. Conclusion The prevalence of CHD in high-risk population of cardiovascular disease in Tangshan is high. Based on the influential factors of CHD, the elderly, overweight or obese, family history of CHD, hypertension and diabetes should be emphasized, and the lifestyle intervention should be strengthened to reduce the prevalence of CHD.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among nursing staff in medical institutions and analyze the influencing factors, so as to guide the development of effective interventions. Methods The musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire was used to evaluate the musculoskeletal disorders of nursing staff in the hospital from February to June 2021, at the same time, the ergonomic load level was carried out according to the rapid upper limb assessment method, the demographic data of nursing staff were collected, and the influencing factors of musculoskeletal disorders were analyzed. Results Finally, 1 031 nursing staff were included, and the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders was 77.21%, especially in neck, shoulder and waist. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=1.520）, body mass index ≥24.0 kg/m² （OR=1.960）, fertility history （OR=1.114）, working age （OR=2.208）, hospital level （OR=2.751）, departments （internal medicine： OR=0.451, pediatrics： OR=0.671, obstetrics and gynecology： OR=0.184, emergency： OR=2.487, other departments： OR=0.191）, and ergonomic load grade （OR=2.560） were the influencing factors of musculoskeletal disorders in nursing staff. Conclusion The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders in nursing staff is at a high level, which is affected by many factors. Intervention measures should be taken to help nursing staff reduce adverse working posture, improve working environment, then reduce the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and improve the health condition of medical staff.

Objective To investigate the screening of pulmonary nodules among employees of a unit, and analyze the imaging features and risk factors. Methods Low-dose spiral computed tomography （LDCT） pulmonary nodules screening and questionnaire survey were conducted on 3 045 on-the-job employees of a unit who underwent physical examination in the health management center of Xiangtan Central Hospital in 2019, and the detection and risk factors of pulmonary nodules were analyzed. Results A total of 2 311 employees completed LDCT pulmonary nodule screening and questionnaire survey. Among them, 839 pulmonary nodules were detected, with a detection rate of 36.3%. Ten cases and 2 cases of type 4 nodules were detected in < 40 years old and ≥ 40 years old respectively, and the detection rates were 0.6% and 0.4% respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary nodules among employees of different age, preference for smoked and pickled food, preference for high fat fried food, frequency of eating eggs, vegetable intake, exercise, exposure to electromagnetic radiation and exposure to cooking fume （all P < 0.01）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 40 years old （OR=1.64）, preference for smoked and pickled food （OR=1.38） and high fat fried food （OR=1.69）, exposure to electromagnetic radiation（OR=1.27） and cooking fume（OR=1.32）, and no exercise（OR=1.59） were risk factors of pulmonary nodule. Conclusion It is suggested to increase LDCT pulmonary nodule screening in healthy people under 40 years old. Age, dietary preference, exercise, cooking fume and electromagnetic radiation may be the influencing factors of pulmonary nodules.

Objective To investigate the dietary nutrition intake of 164 primary and middle school students in Fangshan District, Beijing, and to provide scientific basis for the improvement of students' nutrition. Methods A dietary survey was conducted among primary and middle school students in Fangshan District, Beijing. The daily food consumption and nutrients intake were calculated according to the Chinese food composition table by using 3 d 24 h dietary review combined with family condiment weighing method. Results A total of 164 primary and middle school students in Fangshan District, Beijing were investigated, including 91 boys and 73 girls, with an average age of （8.93±2.21） years. The intakes of aquatic products, milk and dairy products, beans and their products, vegetables and fruits were insufficient. The intakes of livestock and poultry meat and salt were excessive. The average intake of energy was 1 710.30 kcal, the average intake of protein, fat and carbohydrate were 61.57, 72.21 and 211.48 g, and the energy supply ratio accounted for 14.38%, 37.95% and 47.68%, respectively. The rates of students who met the recommended nutrient intake （RNI） of vitamin A, vitamin B₁, vitamin B₂, vitamin C and selenium were 34.8%, 27.4%, 33.5%, 24.4% and 47.0%, respectively. Only 2.4% of the students met the RNI of calcium. More than half of the students met the RNI of iron, zinc and copper. The rate of girls who met the RNI of iron was lower than the boys（P<0.05）. Conclusion The dietary pattern of primary and middle school students in Fangshan District, Beijing is unreasonable, and the intakes of micronutrients are insufficient. Therefore, nutrition education among students, parents and school canteens should be strengthened to improve the nutritional status of students.

Objective To understand the comorbidity of young and middle-aged non-dialyzed patients with chronic kidney disease （CKD） and its influencing factors, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of CKD comorbidity. Methods Young and middle-aged non-dialyzed patients with CKD hospitalized in a hospital from January to August 2020 were selected to evaluate the comorbidity status by using the self-designed general information questionnaire and the cumulative illness rating scale （CIRS）. Results A total of 987 patients were finally included, mainly male （59.8%） and 18-44 years old （53.2%）. The prevalence of comorbidity in young and middle-aged non-dialyzed patients with CKD was 85.3%. Hypertension （13.5%）, diabetes mellitus （6.4%）, liver disease （6.8%） and pulmonary infection （4.6%） were the most common comorbidities. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities in the two chronic disease modes （6.3%）. The score of CIRS was 7 （5, 9）, and 882 cases （89.4%） were in mild comorbidity. Gender （β'=-0.067）, age （β'=0.061） and number of comorbidities （β'=0.622） were the influencing factors of CIRS score （P< 0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion The comorbidity of young and middle-aged non-dialyzed patients with CKD can't be ignored. The health administrative department should improve the management awareness of chronic diseases and take corresponding measures to improve the health level of young and middle-aged patients.

Objective To investigate the current situation of the professional benefit sense of intensive care unit （ICU） nurses in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide reference materials for improving the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses. Methods Using the convenient sampling method, the general data and professional benefit sense of ICU nurses in three general hospitals in Xi'an were investigated from December 2020 to March 2021. The influencing factors of professional benefit sense of ICU nurses were analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis. Results Among 246 ICU nurses, 23 were males, accounting for 9.35%; 223 were females, accounting for 90.65%. In the context of COVID-19 epidemic, the total average nurse perceived professional benefits scale （NPPBS） score of ICU nurses was （114.26±7.51） points, the average score of items was （3.94 ± 0.26） scores. The highest score was in the “self-growth” （4.03 ± 0.33）, and the lowest score was in the “good nurse-patient relationship” （3.89 ± 0.35）. Among ICU nurses with different educational background, marital status, age, working hours in ICU, position title, number of night shifts per month, nurse level, clinical teaching, scientific research participation, position, whether worked on the front line of anti-epidemic, whether experienced public health emergencies in the past and whether feared about contracting COVID-19, there was a statistically significant difference in the NPPBS scores of professional benefit sense （all P<0.01）. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that no clinical teaching （β'=-0.065）, not in the front line of anti-epidemic （β'=-0.053）, had not experienced public health emergencies （β'=-0.074） and did not fear of contracting COVID-19 （β'= 0.108） were the main factors influencing the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. Conclusion In the context of the COVID-19 epidemic, the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses is at a moderate level. It is suggested to focus on the above main influencing factors and carry out reasonable intervention to improve the professional benefit sense of ICU nurses.

Objective To analyze the current status of hearing loss in physical examination people aged ≥45 years old in Chongqing and its related factors, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hearing loss. Methods People aged ≥ 45 years old who underwent physical examination in a hospital in Chongqing from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects for questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood biochemical index test and hearing test. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of hearing loss were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis method. Results A total of 5 849 physical examination people aged 45 to 91 years old in Chongqing were included as the research objects. The proportion of people aged 45 to 64 years old was the highest, accounting for 45.06%, and 63.69% were male and 96.20% were Han nationality. Among them, 1 145 cases had hearing loss, and the incidence rate was 19.58%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the older age （OR=1.923）, female （OR=2.036）, smoking （OR=1.919）, drinking （OR=1.982）, history of ototoxic drug exposure （OR=7.279）, history of noise exposure （OR=3.473）, hypertension （OR=5.894） were risk factors for hearing loss in physical examination people aged ≥ 45 years old in Chongqing. Conclusion The incidence of hearing loss in physical examination people aged ≥45 years old in Chongqing is high. Different gender and age groups, bad living habits such as drinking and smoking, hypertension, ototoxic drug exposure and noise exposure may be the influencing factors of hearing loss in this area, so corresponding monitoring and intervention should be carried out.

Objective To analyze the current situation of multi-drug resistant bacteria （MDRO） infection in operating room of hospital, and to find out its related factors. Methods A total of 12 619 adult patients in the operating room of a hospital in Luzhou from February 2020 to January 2021 were selected as the research object. The data of patients were investigated, the pathogen detection and bacterial drug sensitivity test were carried out, the incidence of MDRO infection in the operating room was counted, and the strains, department distribution, drug resistance and related factors of MDRO infection were analyzed. Results The incidence rate of MDRO infection in the operating room was 2.10%. The major departments with MDRO infection were general surgery （34.28%）, orthopedics （23.78%） and urology surgery （15.22%）. The common strains of MDRO infection in operating room were Acinetobacter baumannii （46.99%）, Staphylococcus aureus （19.91%） and Pseudomonas aeruginosa （12.04%）. Acinetobacter baumannii was completely resistant to ceftriaxone, the resistance rates to ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefepime, gentamicin and tobramycin exceeded 80.00%, and the resistance rate to levofloxacin was less than 30.00%. Staphylococcus aureus was completely resistant to penicillin and oxacillin, the resistance rates to erythromycin and clindamycin exceeded 80.00%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely resistant to ceftriaxone and ampicillin, the resistance rates to ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin and compound sulfamethoxazole exceeded 80.00%, and the resistance rate to amikacin was less than 30.00%. Logistic regression analysis showed that admission to ICU （OR=5.943）, invasive operation （OR=2.704）, long duration of antibiotic use （OR=2.244）, and diabetes mellitus （OR=1.955） were the influencing factors of MDRO infection in operation room. Conclusion The incidence of MDRO infection in the operation room of a hospital in Luzhou is high, which may be affected by admission to ICU, invasive operation, long duration of antibiotic use and diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the compliance and influencing factors of cardiac rehabilitation in patients with coronary heart disease （CHD）. Methods CHD patients who were treated in a rehabilitation hospital in Beijing from May 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the research objects. Rehabilitation physicians gave guidance to the patients on their rehabilitation behavior after discharge. The members of the group followed up on the patients' compliance with rehabilitation behaviors, used descriptive analysis methods to analyze the results, and used univariate and multivariate analysis methods to analyze the influencing factors of cardiac rehabilitation compliance. Results A total of 2 115 cases were followed up 6 months after discharge. Males accounted for 55.08% of the patients. The average age was （55.32±1.52） years old, the youngest was 38 years old and the oldest was 72 years old. Among the cardiac rehabilitation behaviors, 821 were fully compliant, 921 were partially compliant, and 373 were non-compliant, accounting for 38.82%, 43.55%, and 17.64%, respectively. The overall compliance rate was 82.36%. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level was junior middle school or senior high school （OR=2.543）, college degree or above （OR=4.274）, monthly income 3 000-4 999 yuan （OR=3.304）, monthly income ≥5 000 yuan （OR=2.785）, depression （OR=0.301）, cognitive score of cardiac rehabilitation≥17 （OR=6.475）, health belief score of CHD ≥101 （OR=11.100）, social support score ≥36 （OR=8.836）, self-management efficacy score ≥62 （OR=12.417） and illness perception questionnaire-revised （IPQ-R） score ≥131 （OR=6.412） were the influencing factors of compliance of cardiac rehabilitation in CHD patients. Conclusion Patients with CHD in Shijingshan District of Beijing have relatively poor compliance with cardiac rehabilitation, which is related to education level, monthly income, depression, disease perception, cognitive level of cardiac rehabilitation, health beliefs in CHD, social support, and self-management efficacy.

Objective To study the level of inflammatory factors, distribution of intestinal flora, and risk factors in patients with ulcerative colitis, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of ulcerative colitis. Methods Patients with ulcerative colitis who were treated in a hospital in Wenchang City from June 2020 to May 2021 were selected as the case group. The healthy people who underwent physical examination in the hospital （volunteers were recruited according to the age difference of 0.5 years from the case group and the same gender） were selected as the control group. All subjects were investigated by questionnaire survey, intestinal flora detection and inflammatory factor detection. Descriptive analysis method was used to compare the relevant indicators of the two groups, and the univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the factors affecting the incidence of ulcerative colitis. Results A total of 200 cases of ulcerative colitis （case group） and 200 healthy persons （control group） were included, with 99 males and 101 females. The average age of the case group was （43.17±8.72） years, and of the control group was （43.54 ±9.11） years. There were no significant differences in the age and gender between the two groups （both P>0.05）. The numbers of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus mainly detected in the case group were significantly lower than that in the control group, while Bacteroides, Enterobacter, Enterococcus and Fusobacterium were significantly higher than those in the control group （all P<0.01）. Except for the level of interleukin （IL）-4 in the case group was lower than that in the control group, IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α were all higher than those in the control group （all P<0.01）. Alcohol consumption （OR=3.526）, smoking （OR=1.272）, unclean diet （OR=4.592）, co-infection （OR=2.146） and emotional tension （OR=3.919） were all risk factors for ulcerative colitis. Conclusion The species and quantity of intestinal flora in patients with ulcerative colitis are unbalanced, and the level of serum inflammatory factors increases significantly. Good living habits and active health education can reduce the incidence of ulcerative colitis.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of ophthalmopathy among physical examination people aged ≥ 50 years in Wuhan, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmopathy. Methods Taking the people aged ≥ 50 years who underwent physical examination in the physical examination center of a hospital in Wuhan from January to December 2020 as the research object, the questionnaire survey, physical examination, blood biochemical index detection and visual acuity examination were carried out. The results were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and the influencing factors of ophthalmopathy were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 38 130 physical examination people aged ≥ 50 years in Wuhan were investigated, including 11 702 males and 26 428 females, aged 50 - 89 years, with an average age of 62.9 years. Among them, 12 189 patients with ophthalmopathy were detected, and the prevalence rate was 31.97%. Multivariate analysis showed that female （OR=1.996）, older （OR=1.451）, higher education level （OR=1.357）, higher intensity of eye use （OR=2.793）, out-of-door occupation （OR=1.793）, rural household registration （OR=1.244）, diabetes （OR=6.924）, dyslipidemia （OR=2.221） were risk factors of ophthalmopathy in physical examination people aged ≥ 50 years in Wuhan. Conclusion The prevalence rate of ophthalmopathy in people aged ≥ 50 years in Wuhan is quite high, involving a large variety of risk factors. It is of great significance to take targeted preventive measures for the prevention and treatment of ophthalmopathy.

Objective To analyze the detection status and influencing factors of urinary calculi in physical examination population. Methods Adults who underwent physical examination in a hospital in Jingzhou City from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects, a questionnaire survey was conducted, and the height, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid and urinary system examination results in the physical examination results were collected. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the detection of urinary calculi among physical examination population, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of urinary calculi. Results A total of 17 882 subjects were included, among them, 763 patients with urinary calculi were detected, with a detection rate of 4.27%. There were 613 cases of single stones, accounting for 80.34%, and 150 cases of multiple stones, accounting for 19.66%. Multivariate analysis showed that male （OR=2.768）, education level of junior high school （OR=2.787） and primary school or below （OR=3.183）, history of urinary disease （OR=3.811）, water intake of 1 000-1 999 mL/d （OR=0.640） and >2 000 mL/d （OR=0.569）, dyslipidemia （OR=2.910）, and hypertension （OR=1.508） were the influencing factors of urinary calculi. Conclusion The prevalence rate of urinary calculi among physical examination population in Jingzhou is relatively low, and there are many influencing factors leading to the occurrence of urinary calculi. The controllable factors need to be intervened accordingly.

Objective To investigate the compliance of folic acid supplementation and its influencing factors among women of childbearing age in Luzhou City, and to provide scientific basis for formulating the intervention measures of folic acid supplementation. Methods From June to December 2020, a total of 38 townships or community health service centers in 7 counties and districts including Jiangyang District, Naxi District and Luxian in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province were selected by convenience sampling method to recruit children aged 1 year or younger. The mothers of children who were vaccinated were taken as the survey subjects to conduct a questionnaire survey on “Folic Acid Awareness and Folic Acid Consumption in Women of Childbearing Age”. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of folic acid supplementation compliance were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results The age of 709 women of childbearing age was 20-47 years old, with an average age of （32.09±6.51） years. A total of 307 women （43.30%） had pre-pregnancy eugenic health check. Among the respondents, 84.76% had taken folic acid, and 32.02% correctly knew the purpose of folic acid supplementation, while the standard use of folic acid from the 3 months before pregnancy to the first 3 months of pregnancy only accounted for 19.46%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level of college or above （OR=2.158）, the monthly family income >3 000 yuan （OR=2.502）, the employees of government agencies and institutions （OR=3.543）, and the staff of enterprises （OR=2.776）, childbirth twice （OR=1.793） and ≥ 3 times （OR=2.504）, the pre-pregnancy eugenic health check （OR=4.586）, and the awareness of folic acid knowledge （OR=8.499） were promoting factors for compliance of folic acid supplementation among women of childbearing age in Luzhou. Conclusion The awareness of folic acid and the compliance rate of folic acid supplementation before pregnancy are low in women of childbearing age. Strengthening the awareness of folic acid preventing neural tube defects and the publicity and education of folic acid supplement health knowledge are useful to improve the compliance of folic acid supplement before pregnancy.