Objective To investigate the daily life impact and its change of the COVID-19 on urban and rural adult residents in the context of epidemic prevention and control of Class-A infectious diseases. Methods In March 2020 and March 2021, convenience sampling was used to investigate the basic information about respondents, the surrounding epidemic situation, and the impact on their daily life. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the impact of epidemic prevention and control on daily life through a 1∶1 matching of the influencing factors. Results In 2020 and 2021, 92.5% （1 785/1 929） and 69.4% （1 532/2 209） of residents, respectively, reported that their daily lives were affected by the epidemic, with 43.5% （839/1 929） and 24.4% （539/2 209） being greatly affected, respectively. Multivariate analysis found that in 2020, medical impact （high OR=8.790, medium OR=3.408, small OR=1.547）, graduate education level （OR=1.679）, Hubei residents （OR=1.590）, surrounding epidemic situation （severe OR=1.468, mild OR=1.282）, not working at the time of investigation （OR=1.427）, and poor health condition （OR=1.360） were the influencing factors of residents’ daily life greatly affected by the epidemic. In 2021, medical impact （moderate or above OR=7.910, small OR=1.817）, historically high-risk areas （OR=1.465）, and unmarried/divorced/widowed （OR=1.316） were the influencing factors of residents’ daily life greatly affected by the epidemic. After sample matching, it was found that the daily life impact of the epidemic on residents in the regular epidemic prevention and control period was significantly reduced （P<0.01）. Conclusion In the context of epidemic prevention and control of Class-A infectious diseases, the daily life of Chinese residents was greatly affected by the epidemic in March 2020, and the impact of the epidemic was significantly weakened in March 2021.

Objective To explore the depression level and influencing factors among district-level medical workers after major public health events, and to provide reference for psychological intervention and health promotion strategies. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to select all the staff members of medical and health institutions in Panyu District of Guangzhou to conduct an online questionnaire survey, which included basic information and psychological feelings. Psychological resilience, self-esteem, and depression were measured by scale, and the influencing factors of depression were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. Results A total of 5 321 district-level medical workers were surveyed, with the majority being female （3 974 individuals, 74.7%）. The total score for psychological resilience was 62 （50, 75）, for self-esteem was 30 （28, 34）, and for depression was 33 （27, 42）. The depressive mood was detected in 43.1% （2 291 cases）, and 41.7% （2 219 cases） felt under pressure. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that self-rated happiness as average and unhappiness （OR=1.551, 2.276）, feeling very stressed or relatively stressed （OR=3.570, 2.444）, psychological resilience scores of 63-75, 50-62, and <50 （OR=1.992, 3.687, 6.856）, as well as low and moderate levels of self-esteem （OR=7.784, 3.310） were identified as risk factors for depression among district-level medical workers. Non-hospital-infection-control positions （OR=0.713）, general and good health conditions （OR=0.497, 0.299）, and the feeling of distress was normal and did not agree to be in distress （OR=0.518, 0.255） were identified as protective factors against depression among district-level medical workers. Conclusions District-level medical workers experience high levels of stress and have a relatively high detection rate of depression. Unhappiness, high stress, low psychological resilience, and low self-esteem are risk factors for the development of depressive. On the other hand, non-hospital-infection-control positions, good health conditions, lower perceived stress, and a lesser sense of being in difficult situations are protective factors against depressive symptoms. It is recommended to provide psychological interventions such as resilience training for district-level medical workers to enhance their ability to cope with public health emergencies.

Objective To investigate the sleep disorder and its influencing factors among children and adolescents aged 3-16 years, and to provide the scientific basis for intervening the occurrence and development of children’s sleep disorder. Methods A multi-stage random sampling method was utilized to select school-aged children and adolescents from kindergartens, primary schools, and middle schools in Bengbu City to investigate the sleep disorder and its related factors. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of sleep disorder among children and adolescents, and binary logistic regression analysis model was used to analyze the influencing factors of sleep disorder. Results A total of 6 095 children and adolescents aged 3-16 years in Bengbu City were investigated, among them 1 798 cases （29.50%） were diagnosed with sleep disorder. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that children and adolescents who slept alone （OR=0.517）, were exposed to snoring from their father and/or mother （OR=1.402）, had a high degree of mobile phone use （OR=2.006）, and suffer from high study pressure （OR=11.257） were more likely to experience sleep disorder. Conclusions The incidence of sleep disorder among children and adolescents aged 3-16 years is high in Bengbu City. Sleeping alone, snoring of father and/or mother, high degree of mobile phone use, and high study pressure are independent risk factors affecting children and adolescents’ sleep disorder. Aiming at the independent risk factors, conscious intervention or alleviation or can reduce and avoid the health risks caused by sleep disorder.

Objective To investigate and analyze the incidence and influencing factors of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） among pupils in Taihe County. Methods A total of 3 122 pupils from three primary schools in Taihe County were selected for investigation, and their ADHD was diagnosed according to the American Diagnostic Manual of Mental Disorders （5th Edition）. The basic information and illness of pupils were collected by self-made questionnaire, and the influencing factors of the occurrence of ADHD among pupils were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results The detection rate of ADHD among pupils in Taihe County was 6.28%. Univariate analysis showed that the occurrence of ADHD among pupils in Taihe County was related to gender, maternal education level, history of epilepsy, maternal mode of delivery, premature birth, asphyxia at birth, maternal smoking during pregnancy, feeding pattern, lead exposure, parental relationship, parental divorce, beat-and-scold education style, picky eating, and learning difficulties （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that boys （OR=5.650）, with a history of epilepsy （OR=11.831）, maternal smoking during pregnancy （OR=12.558）, premature birth （OR=5.550）, asphyxia at birth （OR=21.739）, feeding pattern （milk powder） （OR=10.122）, poor parental relationship （OR=6.742）, parental divorce （OR=7.448）, and beat-and-scold education style （OR=6.671） of pupils were at higher risk of ADHD. Conclusions The incidence of ADHD among pupils in Taihe County is high, which is related to various factors such as gender, history of epilepsy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, premature birth, asphyxia at birth, feeding pattern, parental relationship, parental divorce, and beat-and-scold education style. It is suggested that family members, schools, and other relevant departments should formulate effective measures according to relevant influencing factors in time to reduce the risk of ADHD.

Objective To analyze the survival rate of brain and central nervous system tumors （hereinafter referred to as brain tumors） in the whole population from 1972 to 2016 in Qidong City, Jiangsu Province, to provide the basis for prognosis evaluation and prevention. Methods Based on the cancer registration case data in Qidong City, the observed survival rate （OSR） and relative survival rate （RSR） were calculated using the Hakulinen method in SURV3.01 software, and statistical test was performed using Hakulinen's likelihood ratio test. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed with Joinpoint 4.7.0.0 software to calculate the annual percentage change （APC） of brain tumors survival rate. The ARIMA model in time series analysis was used to predict the survival rate trend of brain tumor patients with SAS 9.2 software. Results The 1, 5, and 10-year OSR of brain tumors in Qidong City from 1972 to 2016 were 30.11%, 14.94%, and 11.84%, respectively; the 1, 5, and 10-year RSR were 30.77%, 16.70%, and 14.94%, respectively. Survival analysis by period showed a statistically significant upward trend in RSR （P<0.01）. The RSR of males were lower than that of females, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.01）. There was a statistically significant difference in RSR among each age group （P<0.01）. The APC results showed that the overall APC of 5-year OSR and 5-year RSR from 1972 to 2016 were 3.45% （P<0.01） and 3.63% （P<0.01）, respectively. The APC of male 5- year RSR was 6.53% （P<0.01）, and the APC of female 5- year RSR was 6.99% （P<0.01）. The prediction results showed that the 5-year OSR of brain tumors in Qidong would increase to 33.06% and the 5-year RSR would increase to 38.48% by 2026. Conclusions From 1972 to 2016, the survival rate of brain tumor patients in Qidong has been steadily improved, but there is still a lot of room for improvement. More attention to the prevention and treatment of brain tumors is recommended.

Objective To conduct quantitative risk assessment for the contamination level of Bacillus cereus （B. cereus） in commercially wet rice noodles in Guangzhou. Methods Based on the contamination level of B. cereus in 139 samples of commercially wet rice noodles in Guangzhou collected and quantitatively detected from 2019 to 2020, which was determined as the initial value, combined with the consumption data, the @Risk 7.5 software was used to construct a model and conduct simulation analysis. Results A total of 95% of commercially available samples had B. cereus contamination levels in the range of -4.09 - 6.02 log CFU/g, and 3.6% exceeded the risk threshold of 5 log CFU/g. The model predicted that the final contamination level of B. cereus in 95% samples was -3.18 - 7.63 log CFU/g, and 45.3% exceeded the risk threshold. Combined with the consumption data, the final exposure average of B. cereus was 738.55 log CFU/time, and 37.8% exceeded the exposure risk threshold of 963 log CFU/time. The exposure risk of B. cereus in wet rice noodles was higher. According to the sensitivity analysis, storage temperature was the main risk control factor with the correlation coefficient （r） of 0.48, followed by initial pollution level, storage time, and consumption, the corresponding r values were 0.43, 0.42, and 0.38, respectively. Conclusion It is suggested that the sales should adopt the low-temperature storage and recommended that consumers avoid buying wet rice noodles stored at normal temperature, and should eat it as soon as possible after purchase to avoid long-term storage, to inhibit the growth and reproduction of microorganisms and the production of toxins.

Objective To investigate and analyze the level and influencing factors of dyadic coping in young and middle-aged stroke patients and their spouses. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 800 young and middle-aged stroke patients who received treatment in 2 tertiary level A hospitals from December 2020 to December 2021 and their spouses. The general data questionnaire was designed to collect general information of patients and their spouses. A dyadic coping inventory was used to evaluate the coping strategies of stroke patients and their spouses. Multiple linear regression analysis method was used to analyze the influencing factors of dyadic coping of young and middle-aged stroke patients and their spouses. Results The total scores of dyadic coping of young and middle-aged stroke patients and their spouses were （122.34±18.53） points and （122.21±19.05） points, respectively, which were at the normal level. The scores of stress communication and agent support coping between patients and spouses were statistically significant （both P<0.01）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that per capita monthly income, educational level, living with children, depression, marriage history, patient's limb dysfunction, number of comorbidities, and course of disease were the factors affecting the dyadic coping of young and middle-aged stroke patients （all P<0.01）; per capita monthly income, educational level, living with children, depression, and patient's course of disease were the factors affecting the dyadic coping of spouses （all P<0.01）. Conclusion The level of dyadic coping of young and middle-aged stroke patients and their spouses is normal, which is affected by such factors as per capita monthly income, educational level, living with children, depression, and so on.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of vertebral column defects and its influencing factors among primary and secondary school students in Dali City, Yunnan Province, so as to provide a scientific evidence for preventing and controlling the vertebral column defects. Methods In 2020, stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to select primary and secondary school students from 11 schools in Dali City for vertebral column defect screening and questionnaire survey. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of vertebral column defects among students in Dali City. Results A total of 3 354 primary and secondary school students in Dali City were included in this study. The incidence rate of vertebral column defects was 3.40% （114 cases）, of which 102 cases （89.47%） were scoliosis. More males （4.11%） suffered from vertebral column defects than females （2.71%）, and the incidence rate of vertebral column defects was higher in suburban areas （4.32%） than in urban areas （2.78%） （both P<0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male students （OR=1.598）, suburban area （OR=1.632）, overweight （OR=0.437）, and obesity （OR=0.215） were the influencing factors of vertebral column defects. Conclusions In 2020, the incidence rate of vertebral column defects among primary and secondary school students in Dali City was higher than the national average. Emphasis should be placed on spinal health education for suburban, overweight, and obese students to reduce the incidence of vertebral column defects.

Objective To analyze the EV 71 vaccination status in the 2012-2021 birth cohort in Lianyungang City and provide a basis for formulating vaccination strategies and scientific prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Using the Jiangsu Vaccination Provincial Management Information System, we established the birth cohort of age-eligible children since EV 71 vaccination began in 2017 in Lianyungang City, and analyzed the EV 71 vaccination status of these children. Results A total of 500 016 children managed in the 2012-2021 birth cohort in Lianyungang City. As of December 31, 2021, 71 715 children in the 2012-2021 birth cohort in Lianyungang City had received the first dose of EV 71 vaccine, with a vaccination rate of 14.34%; 60 915 children were whole-course vaccinated, with a whole-course vaccination rate of 12.18%. The vaccination rate and whole-course vaccination rate of EV 71 vaccine were highest in 2018 for children in the 2012-2021 birth cohort, and the highest in the second year of life for children in the 2018-2020 birth cohort. The median age for the first dose of vaccination was 14 months （interquartile range 15 months）.Migrant children, urban children, and girls had higher EV 71 vaccination rate and whole-course vaccination rate （all P<0.01）. Conclusions The EV 71 vaccination rate of children in the 2012-2021 birth cohort in Lianyungang City has increased but is still relatively low. Due to the late age of starting immunization, there are some differences in EV 71 vaccination among children with different residential attributes, residential regions, and gender, requiring targeted work.

Objective To analyze the mortality and health care services of maternal, neonates, infants, and children under the age of 5 in Xi’an from 2010 to 2021, and to provide a reference for the formulation of maternal and child health management measures. Methods Using the relevant data from Xi’an Health Development Statistical Bulletin and Shaanxi Health Development Statistical Bulletin, we analyzed the trend of maternal mortality, neonatal mortality, infant mortality, and mortality of children under the age of 5, the trend of maternal and child health care service indicators, and the correlation between health care service indicators and mortality from 2010 to 2021. Results From 2010 to 2021, the neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and mortality rate of children under the age of 5 in Xi’an showed a decreasing trend （all P < 0.01）, while the rate of prenatal examination, hospital delivery, and management of children under the age of 7 all showed an increasing trend （all P < 0.01）. The neonatal mortality rate was negatively correlated with the rate of prenatal examination and hospital delivery （both P < 0.01）, and the infant mortality rate and mortality rate of children under the age of 5 were negatively correlated with the hospital delivery rate and the management rate of children under the age of 7 （P < 0.01 or P < 0.05）. Conclusion From 2010 to 2021, the neonatal mortality rate, infant mortality rate, and mortality rate of children under the age of 5 in Xi’an showed a decreasing trend, while the rate of prenatal examination, hospital delivery, and management of children under the age of 7 showed an increasing trend.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of cataract among the elderly in Zigong City, and to provide experience for the prevention and treatment of cataract. Methods From June 2020 to June 2022, the elderly in 25 townships/towns/streets in four districts and two counties of Zigong City were selected by convenience sampling method for this study. The eye examination and questionnaire survey were carried out, the results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of cataract among the elderly in Zigong City were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 1 135 elderly people≥60 years old in Zigong City participated in this study, including 1 050 valid data, with an effective rate of 92.51%. A total of 250 cases of cataract were detected in 1 050 elderly people, with a detection rate of 23.81%, of which 68.00% were nuclear cataract, 12.00% were cortical cataract, 2.40% were posterior subcapsular cataract, and 17.60% were mixed cataract. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that overweight/obesity （OR=1.462）, outdoor work （OR=6.073）, hypertension （OR=2.204）, diabetes （OR=3.694）, dyslipidemia （OR=1.573）, osteoporosis （OR=5.412）, smoking （OR=2.038）, drinking （OR=1.448）, intensive eye use （OR=20.767）, and malnutrition （OR=1.426） were the risk factors for cataract among the elderly in Zigong City. Conclusion sThe prevalence of cataract among the elderly in Zigong City is not optimistic. Overweight/obesity, outdoor work, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, smoking, drinking, intensive eye use, and malnutrition are all influencing factors for the occurrence of cataract. It is suggested to formulate targeted prevention strategies based on the above factors to improve the eye health of the elderly.

Objective To investigate the non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） of adolescents with depression in Shanghai and analyzed its influencing factors. Methods Adolescent patients with depression admitted to Shanghai Mental Health Center from January to December 2022 were selected to diagnose the occurrence of NSSI, and the demographic information, environmental information, degree of depression, childhood family dysfunction, and other information of the patients were investigated. Univariate and multivariate methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of NSSI. Results Among the 795 adolescents with depression, 275 were males, with a mean age of （14.97±1.72） years, and 287 （36.10%） had NSSI. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that experienced school violence （OR=1.874）, childhood family dysfunction （OR=3.740）, witnessed domestic violence （OR=5.618）, lived with a family member with alcohol or substance abuse （OR=4.702）, had impulsivity （OR=2.575）, had negative impulse events （OR=6.080）, had childhood trauma injury （OR=8.482）, and emotional abuse （OR=7.272） were all associated with NSSI in adolescents with depression. Conclusion The occurrence of NSSI in adolescents with depression in Shanghai is related to personal experience, family environment, and social relations, so psychological treatment and intervention measures should be taken accordingly.