Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection and its risk factors in patients with hip fracture. Methods Patients with hip fracture undergoing in-patient surgery in three general hospitals in Baoding City from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected for this study. Disease-related information was collected and nosocomial infections were followed up. Biological samples of suspected infected patients were collected for pathogen culture and identification, and the incidence of nosocomial infections was analyzed by descriptive analysis. The risk factors of nosocomial infection were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 1 012 patients were enrolled in this study, among whom 87 developed nosocomial infections （8.60%）. These infections included 42 cases of urinary system infection, 26 cases of pulmonary infection, 10 cases of surgical incision infection, and 9 cases of other infections. Among the patients with nosocomial infections, a total of 98 strains of pathogenic bacteria were cultured：30 gram-positive bacteria （30.61%）, 67 gram-negative bacteria （68.37%）, and one fungus （1.02%）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age （OR=1.581）, underlying disease （OR=1.442）, duration of surgery （OR=1.689）, postoperative bed time （OR=1.730）, postoperative hospital stay （OR=1.530）, invasive procedures （OR=1.659）, intraoperative allogeneic blood transfusion （OR=1.436）, and seasonality factors （OR=1.637）were identified as risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients with hip fracture. Conclusions The incidence of nosocomial infection in patients with hip fracture is significantly high, predominantly attributed to gram-negative bacteria. Age, underlying disease, duration of surgery, postoperative bed time, postoperative hospital stay, invasive procedures, intraoperative allogeneic blood transfusion, and seasonality factors are identified as risk factors for nosocomial infection in patients with hip fracture.

Key words: Hip fracture, Nosocomial infection, Pathogenic bacteria, Risk factor