Abstract: Objective To analyze the incidence and influencing factors of postpartum infection among parturients in a hospital in Tongling City, to provide a scientific basis for the adjustment and formulation of prevention and control measures of postpartum infection. Methods From January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021, the maternal case data of a maternal and child hospital in Tongling City were derived from the hospital information system, laboratory detection system, and maternity medical records. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the incidence of postpartum infection and the characteristics of pathogens, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of postpartum infection. Results In this study, 18 942 parturients included in the analysis were 22-54 years old, with an average of (27.83±5.42) years old; gestational weeks were 26⁺⁶ to 42⁺¹, with an average of (39.21±1.29) weeks. Postpartum infection in 112 parturients, and the infection rate was 0.59%. The infection was mainly in the respiratory system, reproductive tract, surgical incision, and urinary system, accounting for 41.96%, 20.54%,19.64, and 11.61%, respectively. A total of 126 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 112 infected patients, mainly including Escherichia coli (28.57%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.84%), Enterococcus faecalis (19.05%), and Staphylococcus aureus (12.70%). Multivariate analysis showed that age ≥ 35 years (OR=3.873), complicated with gestational diabetes (OR=3.232), complicated with gestational hypertension (OR=3.016), postpartum hemorrhage (OR=2.702), scar uterus (OR=7.862), placenta previa vaginal repeated bleeding (OR=6.322), premature rupture of membranes (OR=3.177), invasive procedures (OR=7.721), length of delivery ≥ 8 h (OR=2.344), post‐delivery hemoglobin<90 g/L (OR=4.238)were independent risk factors for postpartum infection. Conclusions The postpartum infection of parturients in a hospital in Tongling City is mainly an infection of the respiratory system, reproductive tract,surgical incision, and surgical incision. Age, pregnancy complications, postpartum hemorrhage, scar uterus, placenta previa vaginal repeated bleeding, premature rupture of membranes, invasive procedures, length of delivery, and post‐delivery hemoglobin are related to postpartum infection of parturients.

Key words: Parturient, Postpartum infection, Pathogen, Influence factor