华南预防医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (11): 1176-1180.doi: 10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.1176

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2022年深圳市卫生人力资源配置和公平性研究

黎秋菊, 李瑞清, 邓辉萍, 胡晓萍, 梁之宸, 逯建华, 李晓恒, 邹旋, 杨小柯   

  1. 深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东 深圳 518055
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-03 出版日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 杨小柯,E-mail:xiaoke.yang@163.com
  • 作者简介:黎秋菊(1990—),女,博士研究生,统计师,主要从事卫生政策、疾病预防控制研究工作;李瑞清(1998—),男,硕士研究生,医 师,主要从事卫生政策、疾病负担研究工作;黎秋菊、李瑞清同为第一作者
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市“医疗卫生三名工程”(SZSM202311001); 深圳市基础研究专项自然科学基金计划面上项目(JCYJ20240813160811016)

Allocation and equity of human resources for health in Shenzhen, 2014-2022

LI Qiuju, LI Ruiqing, DENG Huiping, HU Xiaoping, LIANG Zhichen, LU Jianhua, LI Xiaoheng, ZOU Xuan, YANG Xiaoke   

  1. Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
  • Received:2025-03-03 Online:2025-11-20 Published:2025-12-02

摘要: 目的 分析2014—2022年深圳市卫生人力资源的配置和公平性情况。方法 收集2014—2022年深圳市卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师、注册护士以及地理面积及常住人口等数据,采用空间分析探索卫生人力资源的空间分布,采用集聚度分析测量卫生人力资源配置的地区差异。结果 2014—2022年深圳市卫生人力资源逐年增长。全局空间自相关分析显示,2014、2022年深圳市千人口卫生人力资源的配置从整体来看空间差异性不显著(均P>0.05)。局部空间自相关分析显示,2014、2022年光明区的卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师、注册护士均呈现低-低聚集状态,2022年宝安区的注册护士呈现低-低聚集状态,其他区域千人口卫生人力资源空间聚集态势无明显变化。2014、2022年福田区和罗湖区的卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师、注册护士的卫生资源集聚度/人口集聚度(HRAD/PAD)>1,卫生人力资源相对人口充足。2014、2022年宝安区、龙岗区、龙华区和光明区各卫生人力资源的HRAD/PAD<1,卫生人力资源相对人口配置不足。结论 深圳市卫生人力资源总量不足且存在地区差异,建议政府在加大医疗卫生资源投入的同时,注重资源配置的公平性与可及性,为市民提供更好的医疗服务和健康保障。

关键词: 卫生人力资源, 公平性, 配置, 集聚度, 空间自相关

Abstract: Objective To analyze the allocation and equity of human resources for health (HRH) in Shenzhen from 2014 to 2022. Methods Data pertaining to health technical personnel, licensed (assistant) physicians, registered nurses, geographical area, and resident population in Shenzhen for the period 2014-2022 were collected. Spatial analysis was employed to explore the geographical distribution of HRH, while agglomeration degree analysis was utilized to measure regional disparities in HRH allocation. Results A progressive increase in the stock of HRH in Shenzhen was observed from 2014 to 2022. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis indicated that the overall spatial disparity in the allocation of HRH per thousand population was not statistically significant in either 2014 or 2022 (both P>0.05). However, local spatial autocorrelation analysis identified low-low (L-L) clustering of health technical personnel, licensed (assistant) physicians, and registered nurses in Guangming District for both years. A similar L-L clustering pattern was observed for registered nurses in Bao'an District in 2022. No other significant changes in the spatial agglomeration patterns of HRH per thousand population were detected across other districts. In 2014 and 2022, the ratio of Health Resources Agglomeration Degree to Population Agglomeration Degree (HRAD/PAD) surpassed 1 for all categories of health professionals in Futian and Luohu Districts, signifying a relative abundance of HRH in relation to their population size. Conversely, the HRAD/PAD ratio was less than 1 in Bao'an, Longgang, Longhua, and Guangming Districts, indicating an insufficient allocation of HRH relative to their populations. Conclusions The total volume of HRH in Shenzhen is inadequate and characterized by geographical disparities. It is recommended that governmental initiatives not only augment investment in health and medical resources but also strategically prioritize the equity and accessibility of resource allocation to enhance the provision of medical services and health security.

Key words: Human resources for health, Equity, Allocation, Agglomeration degree, Spatial autocorrelation

中图分类号: 

  • R192